Addressing Occupational Ergonomics Issues in Indonesian Forestry

Abstract

This study addresses occupational ergonomics issues in Indonesian forestry (work conditions, workers' characteristics, occupational safety, occupational health, and job satisfaction) to acquire a comprehensive perspective in understanding the actual problems facing the operations. Direct observation, interview, questionnaires, and secondary data analyses were carried out to acquire all of the required information. A total of 191 frontline forestry workers (chainsaw operators, helpers, manual hauling workers, skidder/tractor operators, logging truck drivers, and nursery workers) participated in this study. The study shows that various techniques of forest operations (labor-intensive to semi-mechanized systems) have been applied in Indonesian plantation forests, both short and long-rotation, as well as in natural forest management. Most of the workers were non-permanent workers, who receive a low wage, work under a straight piecework system, have a high dependency on the forestry work to make a living, and exhibit poor comprehension of the concept of hazard control. The fatality rate was recorded as 1.3 deaths/106 m3 log, but this may be even higher as this rate only represents data taken from formal forestry workers. An intense physical dimension of fatigue occurs among workers involved in forest operations, with the highest prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the upper back, lower back, neck, shoulders, and arms. This study reveals eight variables that influenced job satisfaction, i.e., wage, type of contract, accessibility, health services, living facilities, work equipment, training, and social facilities.

Status Ergonomi Pekerja Sektor Kehutanan di Indonesia: Kelelahan Fisik-Mental-Sosial, Kepuasan Kerja, Konsep Sumber Bahaya, dan Konsep Biaya Kecelakaan

“…Hal ini perlu dipahami sebagai sebuah masalah, mengingat rasio belanja makanan terhadap penghasilan bulanan masih jauh lebih tinggi dari tipikal rasio belanja makanan pada keluarga berpenghasilan rendah (Castner & Mabli 2010), walau secara umum sedikit lebih baik daripada rasio belanja makanan pada kelompok pekerja operator (Yovi & Yamada 2019…”

Implementing Occupational Safety and Health Management System in a Forest Management Unit (FMU) X: A Financial Analysis

“…Kegiatan kehutanan di Indonesia merupakan salah pekerjaan yang berpotensi memiliki risiko tinggi terhadap gangguan kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja (K3) (Yovi & Yamada, 2019). Jumlah kecelakaan kerja di sektor kehutanan tercatat sebesar 984 kasus per tahun, dengan kasus yang berujung pada kematian sebanyak 46,4 kasus per tahun (data 2008-2015, untuk kegiatan pemanenan dan pemungutan hasil hutan, pembuatan arang, dan penyadapan getah/resin) (Yovi & Yamada, 2019). Kecelakaan kerja merupakan suatu kejadian yang tidak diinginkan yang menimpa pekerja di lingkungan kerja dan menimbulkan terganggunya proses produksi, serta menimbulkan kerugian fisik maupun non fisik bagi pekerja dan perusahaan.…”

“…Mereka bekerja melewati kapasitas kemampuan fisiknya untuk mengejar target sebesar-besarnya. Jika hal ini terus dibiarkan, mereka/pekerja akan berisiko mengalami kecelakaan dan penyakit akibat kerja (Yovi & Yamada, 2019). Kerugian fisik dan non-fisik mungkin saja tidak dialami langsung pada saat kejadian, namun berpeluang memberikan sakit akibat kerja di masa yang akan datang.…”

Ergonomic Analysis of Traditional Pine Oleoresin Tapping: Musculoskeletal Disorders, Cumulative Fatigue, and Job Satisfaction

“…Due to the type of commodity, resources, and social context, forest product harvesting activities in Indonesia are carried out at various levels of technological application, ranging from the conventional or manual system (labor-intensive) to semimechanical system (Yovi and Andriyani 2019). Regardless of the level of technology used, this operation has a high-risk that may threaten the worker's occupational safety and health (Lindroos and Burström 2010;Potočnik et al 2009;Tsioras et al 2014;Yovi 2019;Yovi and Yamada 2019).…”

“…Reports of fatalities in the oleoresin extraction are rarely found. Yovi and Yamada (2019) stated that the accident case with fatality in tapping activity was around 1 case per year from 2008-2015, which is the lowest below other forest management activities. However, given the protection of occupational safety and health is a worker's right that must be fulfilled, an ergonomics study on oleoresin extraction is still needed.…”