Additives for plastics and their transformation products

Pospı́šil, J.; Nešpůrek, S.

doi:10.1002/9783527613281.ch03

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The enhanced release of additives from plastic bags reflects their low solubility in the semicrystalline structure of the polymer and can be promoted using DCM as a high solubility solvent for extraction that is directly in contact with the polymer and which may even lead to dissolution or swelling of the polymer (e.g. Pospíšil & Nešpùrek, ; Abbès et al ., ). During the heating experiments described here, evaporation and re‐adsorption without direct contact, that is only via the gas phase, takes place.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced procedural blank control for organic geochemical studies of critical sample material

2016

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Organic contamination of sedimentary rocks can produce artefacts in studies of hydrocarbon composition, and this can have significant negative consequences for interpretations of the geobiological record. False positives - that is cases of non-syngenetic hydrocarbon biomarkers - are common in Precambrian studies, and significant challenges persist despite the intensive effort devoted to these studies. Efforts to standardize the 'burden of proof' for distinguishing between contamination and syngenetic material have to date failed to yield a simple or universal protocol, yet the need remains great, as both bitumen-lean rocks and bitumen-rich samples can be vulnerable to the accumulation of false-positive signals. In an effort to determine the best approach to quality control, we tested the capability of different blank materials to collect ambient contamination by assessing their capacity to adsorb hydrocarbons during storage in plastic bags and found that commonly used Quartz sand does not provide an adequate measure of storage- or laboratory-induced contamination. Brick blanks, having the advantage that they can parallel rock samples even during the sawing process, are characterized by similar poor adsorption properties. Primarily steered by mineralogy, organic carbon content and surface area, model-black shales can adsorb up to 20 times more contaminants than sand blanks and up to 200 times more contaminants than organic-free model-carbonates. This observation provides an explanation for reports and observations of seemingly systematic stratigraphic variation of contaminants, but mostly should raise awareness for the evaluation of procedural blanks, in particular of sample-to-blank ratios, when studying bitumen-lean rock samples of varying lithologies. Additionally, differences between the hydrocarbon profiles in plastic bags and the hydrocarbon signatures transferred to blank materials emphasize difficulties in the unequivocal detection of contamination sources. Artificial black shale pellets can provide enhanced contamination control in biomarker studies - particularly for exceptionally vulnerable samples such as Precambrian rocks, meteorites or extraterrestrial sample-return material.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced procedural blank control for organic geochemical studies of critical sample material

2016

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“…For this, additives are incorporated by combining two or more miscible and compatible materials to add color to the material, increase the mechanical or thermal resistance of the material, increase flexibility, decrease the influence of water on material properties, and so on [8]. Some additives widely used in packaging development are plasticizers and reinforcing agents that help in the materials' processability, mechanical strength, and water resistance [9,10].…”

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confidence: 99%

Application of Coffee Production Waste to Obtain Composites with Biopolimeric Matrix of PBS and ECOVIO

Talyta Silva Prado,

Paulo Romano Cruz Correia,

Ana Paula Bispo Gonçalves

et al. 2024

JBTH

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Numerous environmental problems have arisen due to excessive production and consumption of non-renewable polymers. Thus, some strategies have been developed to mitigate the impacts, including degradable biopolymers,PBS, and ECOVIO, whose properties are improved by adding vegetable fibers. This work aims to obtain composites whose biopolymeric matrix will be reinforced with coffee residues and to evaluate their mechanical properties. The methodology consisted of drying, extrusion, dehumidification, injection, and tensile testing. The added residue showed good interaction with the matrix, reduced the elongation and ductility of the composites, and increased their rigidity. Thus, it was concluded that the composite (PBS WC 70/30) increased 62.5% in the elastic modulus, showing that it is the best material among those studied.

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Additives for plastics and their transformation products

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Enhanced procedural blank control for organic geochemical studies of critical sample material

Enhanced procedural blank control for organic geochemical studies of critical sample material

Application of Coffee Production Waste to Obtain Composites with Biopolimeric Matrix of PBS and ECOVIO

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