Additive manufacturing technology of polymeric materials for customized products: recent developments and future prospective

Pal, Akhilesh Kumar; Mohanty, Amar K.; Misra, Manjusri

doi:10.1039/d1ra04060j

Cited by 60 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 302 publications

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“…In AM, several materials can be used, such as metals, ceramics, resins, rubbers, glass, concrete, and plastics, to name a few [2]. AM technologies provide technical, economic, environmental, and social benefits [1][2][3][4][5][6]. From a technical side, these technologies are flexible and adjustable, which allows for the adjustment and reduction of steps and time inside the production process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From a Sustainability Perspective, Why Should Bioplastics Be Used for Additive Manufacturing?

Saloni

2023

PSPRJ

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As climate change awareness increases, the worldwide interest in efficiently using resources, materials, and energy increases. From producers to consumers, the demand for sustainability-oriented processes has become stronger across all stock market sectors. Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a promising and relatively new manufacturing process that helps to overcome supply chain, logistics, and environmental issues that traditional processes face. Fortunately, AM can process different raw materials, such as glass, metal, ceramics, and plastics. Even though AM helps to reduce the use of the material in general, in the case of plastic, the environmental impact of their production and biodegradability remains an issue. As a response, plastics made from natural and renewable resources have become an alternative to the harmful conventional petroleum-based and no biodegradable plastics. Fortunately, there is evidence of products done through AM from these environmental-friendly plastics. The following review is intended to highlight (1) the opportunities and challenges for AM, (2) the comparison between bio and petroleum-plastic in 3D printing from a sustainability point of view, and (3) the economic and environmental benefits of this innovative combination of manufacturing processes and materials. This review provides a fundamental understanding and applied knowledge to create a new additive manufacturing platform based on renewable plant-based feedstocks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From a Sustainability Perspective, Why Should Bioplastics Be Used for Additive Manufacturing?

Saloni

2023

PSPRJ

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“…[25] Compared to extrusion-based processes, this technique might limit complex arrangement of multiple hydrogels within a structure although it allows use of non-viscous inks and 3D printing of structures with relatively high resolution. [26,27] In this research, we developed jammed microgel-based inks that could display proper rheological properties for extrusionbased 3D printing system and stimuli-mediated responses after crosslinking, and 3D-printed complex structures transformable by external stimuli under ambient processing conditions. Specifically, jammed poly(acrylamide) (PAAm) microgels containing monomers of stimuli-responsive hydrogels, including acrylic acid (AAc) and NIPAm, were prepared as inks for 3D printing (Figure 1a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 25 ] Compared to extrusion‐based processes, this technique might limit complex arrangement of multiple hydrogels within a structure although it allows use of non‐viscous inks and 3D printing of structures with relatively high resolution. [ 26,27 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jammed Microgel‐Based Inks for 3D Printing of Complex Structures Transformable via pH/Temperature Variations

Moon

Lee

Sun

et al. 2022

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Structure changes mediated by anisotropic volume changes of stimuli‐responsive hydrogels are useful for many research fields, yet relatively simple structured objects are mostly used due to limitation in fabrication methods. To fabricate complex 3 dimensional (3D) structures that undergo structure changes in response to external stimuli, jammed microgel‐based inks containing precursors of stimuli‐responsive hydrogels are developed for extrusion‐based 3D printing. Specifically, the jammed microgel‐based inks are prepared by absorbing precursors of poly(acrylic acid) or poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) in poly(acrylamide) (PAAm) microgels, and jamming them. The inks exhibit shear‐thinning and self‐healing properties that allow extrusion of the inks through a nozzle and rapid stabilization after printing. Stimuli‐mediated volume changes are observed for the extruded structures when they are post‐crosslinked by UV light to form interpenetrating networks of PAAm microgels and stimuli‐responsive hydrogels. Using this method, a dumbbell‐shaped object that can transform to a biconvex shape, and a gripper that can grasp and lift an object in response to stimuli are 3D‐printed. The jammed microgel‐based 3D printing strategy is a versatile method useful for variety of applications as diverse types of monomers absorbable in the microgels can be used to fabricate complex 3D objects transformable by external stimuli.

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“…It allows manufacturers to use only the necessary amount of materials, a benefit that can add economic value by reducing both material and production costs [ 8 ]. The possibility of using a broader range of thermoplastic filament materials for FFF is of great importance [ 1 , 9 ]. Therefore, continuous effort is put towards developing polymers with more sustainable properties (bio-based, biodegradable, etc.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fused Filament Fabrication of Bio-Based Polyether-Block-Amide Polymers (PEBAX) and Their Related Properties

et al. 2022

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This paper describes the application of poly(ether-block-amide) polymers, so-called Pebax, in fused filament fabrication (FFF). Pebax® is a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), a copolymer based on rigid polyamide and soft polyether blocks. By variation of the blocks, unique properties such as soft or rigid behaviour are tailored without additional additives and plasticisers. Pebax®Rnew® polyamide blocks are bio-based and made from castor beans that allow the design of sustainable applications. In this study, two types of Pebax were selected, processing parameters were characterised, filaments were extruded and applied to FFF printing, and the final mechanical characteristics were determined. Both types were suitable for FFF processing with improved process stability due to less shear thinning and good mechanical performance. The connection strength between the grades was also described in the design context for complex parts with tailored soft or hard regions. Combining the two materials in one design is a promising concept, and the adhesion strength is close to the strength in the Z-direction of the flexible Pebax®Rnew®35R53 grade.

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Additive manufacturing technology of polymeric materials for customized products: recent developments and future prospective

Abstract: The worldwide demand for additive manufacturing (AM) is increasing due to its ability to produce more challenging customized objects based on the process parameters for engineering applications.

Cited by 60 publications

References 302 publications

From a Sustainability Perspective, Why Should Bioplastics Be Used for Additive Manufacturing?

From a Sustainability Perspective, Why Should Bioplastics Be Used for Additive Manufacturing?

Jammed Microgel‐Based Inks for 3D Printing of Complex Structures Transformable via pH/Temperature Variations

Fused Filament Fabrication of Bio-Based Polyether-Block-Amide Polymers (PEBAX) and Their Related Properties

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