Additive Manufacturing of Zirconia Ceramic and Its Application in Clinical Dentistry: A Review

Khanlar, Leila Nasiry; Rios, Alma Salazar; Tahmaseb, Ali; Zandinejad, Amirali

doi:10.3390/dj9090104

Cited by 51 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Finally, although this study demonstrated the comparison of the wear behavior of bovine tooth enamel against tooth-colored restorative materials and natural teeth simultaneously, the variety of wear such as contact with the same material in clinical situations should be considered. In addition, it is assumed that wear behavior differs depending on the manufacturing method of the restorative materials [ 25 , 58 ]. Thus, further studies are needed to clarify the influence of these factors on wear behavior to establish the reliability of the findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Behavior between Aesthetic Restorative Materials and Bovine Tooth Enamel

et al. 2022

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Tooth enamel wear occurs because of daily mastication and occlusion. This study investigated the wear behavior of bovine teeth against aesthetic restorative materials in vitro. Abrader specimens were fabricated using four tooth-colored restorative materials (zirconia, lithium disilicate glass ceramic, dental porcelain, and resin composite), with bovine tooth enamel as a control. Flattened bovine tooth enamel was used as the substrate specimen. These materials were characterized by Vickers hardness tests and surface roughness measurements. Two-body wear tests between the abrader and substrate specimens were performed, and the worn topographies were evaluated using a contour-measuring instrument and 3D laser microscope. The restorative materials and bovine tooth enamel had similar surface roughness but different hardness and wear behaviors. Bovine teeth showed the largest wear in tooth–tooth contact as the abrader and substrate specimens. Compared to bovine teeth, zirconia, lithium disilicate glass ceramic, and dental porcelain showed greater hardness and less wear on their surfaces, and less substrate wear of the opposite tooth enamel. The lowest hardness resin composite showed intermediate wear on its surface, resulting in the lowest substrate wear. Accordingly, dentists should pay attention to the selection of restorative materials to reconstruct their morphologies owing to different wear behaviors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Behavior between Aesthetic Restorative Materials and Bovine Tooth Enamel

et al. 2022

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“… 10 As an alternative approach, many attempts have been made to additively produce elaborate ceramic objects with the required surface finish, manufacturing accuracy, and mechanical strength. 11 The additive manufacturing (AM) of zirconia has been studied to overcome the shortcomings and limitations of subtractive manufacturing. 11 The AM method is expected to take less production time and make less waste as well as allow the fabrication of complex geometries with almost no limitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 11 The additive manufacturing (AM) of zirconia has been studied to overcome the shortcomings and limitations of subtractive manufacturing. 11 The AM method is expected to take less production time and make less waste as well as allow the fabrication of complex geometries with almost no limitation. 12 13 14 Among the various AM methods for ceramics, vat polymerization methods such as stereolithography (SLA) and digital light processing (DLP) are known for their high accuracy, which makes them suitable for the digital dental workflow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of intaglio surface trueness, wear, and fracture resistance of zirconia crown under simulated mastication: a comparative analysis between subtractive and additive manufacturing

2022

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PURPOSE This in-vitro analysis aimed to compare the intaglio trueness, the antagonist’s wear volume loss, and fracture load of various single-unit zirconia prostheses fabricated by different manufacturing techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS Zirconia crowns were prepared into four different groups (n = 14 per group) according to the manufacturing techniques and generations of the materials. The intaglio surface trueness (root-mean-square estimates, RMS) of the crown was measured at the marginal, axial, occlusal, and inner surface areas. Half of the specimens were artificially aged in the chewing simulator with 120,000 cycles, and the antagonist’s volume loss after aging was calculated. The fracture load for each crown group was measured before and after hydrothermal aging. The intaglio trueness was evaluated with Welch’s ANOVA and the antagonist’s volume loss was assessed by the Kruskal-Wallis tests. The effects of manufacturing and aging on the fracture resistance of the tested zirconia crowns were determined by two-way ANOVA. RESULTS The trueness analysis of the crown intaglio surfaces showed surface deviation (RMS) within 50 µm, regardless of the manufacturing methods ( P = .053). After simulated mastication, no significant differences in the volume loss of the antagonists were observed among the zirconia groups ( P = .946). The manufacturing methods and simulated chewing had statistically significant effects on the fracture resistance ( P < .001). CONCLUSION The intaglio surface trueness, fracture resistance, and antagonist’s wear volume of the additively manufactured 3Y-TZP crown were clinically acceptable, as compared with those of the 4Y- or 5Y-PSZ crowns produced by subtractive milling.

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“…In such cases, additive manufacturing, with its layer-by-layer working principle, surpasses the subtractive one. Some pilot studies proved the feasibility of the fabrication of dental ceramics in an additive approach, such as yttria-stabilized zirconia (ZrO 2 ), alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) [ 8 , 9 ]. The limitations of such manufacturing processes relate mostly to the ceramics’ post-processing, which significantly extends the average manufacturing time, making it less attractive for the clinical practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Manufacturing of Lithium Disilicate with the LCM Process for Classic and Non-Prep Veneers: Preliminary Technical and Clinical Case Experience

et al. 2022

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Background: ceramic veneers, crowns, and other types of restorations are often made using either the press heating technique or the subtractive method. The advent of lithography-based ceramic manufacturing (LCM) allows for the manufacturing of such restorations in an additive way. Methods: this concept paper describes the first clinical experience in the application of LCM lithium disilicate restorations in vivo for the manufacturing of classic veneers for a patient with severe tooth wear. The applied restorations were analyzed in terms of their marginal fit in metrology software (Geomagic Control X, 3D Systems). Furthermore, the feasibility of 3D printing of non-prep veneers with a 0.1 mm thickness was tested. Results: the classic LCM lithium disilicate veneers were tried in the mouth cavity and demonstrated adequate esthetics and a sufficient marginal fit of 100 µm. Furthermore, the non-prep veneers with a 0.1 mm thickness could be successfully printed using LCM technology and also demonstrated an adequate fit on the model in vitro. Conclusions: the described technical approach of lithium disilicate 3D printing with LCM technology may pose a valid alternative to subtractive and analog manufacturing and be a game-changing option with the use of additive chairside ceramic fabrication.

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Additive Manufacturing of Zirconia Ceramic and Its Application in Clinical Dentistry: A Review

Cited by 51 publications

References 85 publications

Wear Behavior between Aesthetic Restorative Materials and Bovine Tooth Enamel

Wear Behavior between Aesthetic Restorative Materials and Bovine Tooth Enamel

Evaluation of intaglio surface trueness, wear, and fracture resistance of zirconia crown under simulated mastication: a comparative analysis between subtractive and additive manufacturing

Additive Manufacturing of Lithium Disilicate with the LCM Process for Classic and Non-Prep Veneers: Preliminary Technical and Clinical Case Experience

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