Additive manufacturing of NiTi shape memory alloys using pre-mixed powders

Wang, Chengcheng; Tan, Xipeng; Du, Zehui; Chandra, Shubham; Sun, Z.; Lim, Choon Wee Joel; Tor, Shu Beng; Lim, Chu Sing; Wong, Chee How

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2019.03.025

Cited by 171 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In AM, selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting (EBM) can also apply elemental powder mixtures. Wang et al [49] found out the result of using SLM to fabricate NiTi alloy through elemental powders was not similar to DED. It was reported that there was a significant loss in Ti, which resulted in Ni-rich intermetallics as the predominant phase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fabrication using EBM was not successful, which shows a low printability. Mechanisms and parametric study of SLM and EBM can be very different from DED based elemental powder manufacturing [49]. Studying in this aspect will give more understanding of the differences between additively manufactured alloys and conventionally manufactured alloys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They built large volume structures to find out the difference in the secondary phase, compressive properties, and martensitic transformation temperature regarding the spatial locations. Other works include comparative studies among DED, SLM, and EBM by Wang et al [49]. Figure 2 shows the microstructure of NiTi alloy fabricated by DED in [49].…”

Section: Industrial Alloys and Intermetallicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other works include comparative studies among DED, SLM, and EBM by Wang et al [49]. Figure 2 shows the microstructure of NiTi alloy fabricated by DED in [49]. Different issues were identified in three metal AM processing methods, which will be discussed in the later sections.…”

Section: Industrial Alloys and Intermetallicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on Metallic Alloys Fabrication Using Elemental Powder Blends by Laser Powder Directed Energy Deposition Process

et al. 2020

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The laser powder directed energy deposition process is a metal additive manufacturing technique, which can fabricate metal parts with high geometric and material flexibility. The unique feature of in-situ powder feeding makes it possible to customize the elemental composition using elemental powder mixture during the fabrication process. Thus, it can be potentially applied to synthesize industrial alloys with low cost, modify alloys with different powder mixtures, and design novel alloys with location-dependent properties using elemental powder blends as feedstocks. This paper provides an overview of using a laser powder directed energy deposition method to fabricate various types of alloys by feeding elemental powder blends. At first, the advantage of laser powder directed energy deposition in manufacturing metal alloys is described in detail. Then, the state-of-the-art research and development in alloys fabricated by laser powder directed energy deposition through a mix of elemental powders in multiple categories is reviewed. Finally, critical technical challenges, mainly in composition control are discussed for future development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Industrial Alloys and Intermetallicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Industrial Alloys and Intermetallicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Review on Metallic Alloys Fabrication Using Elemental Powder Blends by Laser Powder Directed Energy Deposition Process

et al. 2020

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“…ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF MATERIALS… Mechanically produced powder Ni-rich Ni-Ti alloys required aging treatment [91] Solutionized and aged Ni-Ti had a better shape memory response [92] Ni-rich Ni-Ti showed superelastic behavior [93] Shape memory effect recovery and unstable oriented/de-twinned martensite [94] NiTi50 showed excellent mechanical properties as compared to NiTi45 and NiTi55 [95] Gas atomized powder Using low scanning speed reduced the obtained shape memory effect [96] Superelastic behavior [96] Loss of nickel in the process [97] L-PBF High relative density (>97%) and hardness reported [98,99] Excellent compression fatigue resistance [100] with an irreversible stain behavior [99] Wider hatch distance decreased relative density [101] Superelastic response (95%) [102][103][104][105][106][107][108] Shape memory effect [94,105,109,110] Recovery above 5.5% [106][107][108]111] Desired stiffness was achieved by regulating the level of porosity and stiffness reduced from 69 GPa to 20.5 GPa for 58% porosity [112] Loss of nickel in the process [113,114] Wider hatch spacing led to a highly irrecoverable strain [114] Microstructure influenced the shape memory response and mechanical behavior [109,115] Martensite twins were formed easily after annealing process [116] Heat treatment above 400 °C decreased the shape recovery and transformation strain [117] Tens...…”

Section: Additive Manufacturing Of Stimuli-responsive Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Manufacturing from the Point of View of Materials Research

Laitinen

Merabtene

Stevens

et al. 2020

Technical, Economic and Societal Effects of Manufacturing 4.0

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In situ Alloyed Medium Entropy Alloy Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion: Microstructure and Cryogenic Performance

Jia

et al. 2022

Adv Eng Mater

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An investigation is conducted into the feasibility to produce in situ alloyed medium entropy alloy containing four principal elements by laser powder bed fusion of the blended elemental powders. The effect of scan strategy, layer thickness, and laser power on in situ alloying is examined. It is revealed that the melting of Cr particles could be enhanced by increasing the remelting times of each building layer through the re‐scan strategy or reducing the powder layer thickness and by increasing the melting pool depth via large laser power. Besides, the combination of elemental uniformity and the low porosity in the printed alloy can be achieved. The accuracy of the nominal composition in the as‐printed sample could be ensured by the large remelting times combined with middle laser power, while an excessively large laser power could cause the loss of Cr element. Based on the high repetitive remelting process, the mechanism of pores elimination during in situ alloying is discussed. After the optimization, the as‐printed Fe60Co15Ni15Cr10 alloy fabricates with the re‐scan strategy or high laser power shows a tensile strength of ≈1140 MPa and an elongation of ≈0.39 under cryogenic loading. The as‐printed alloy overcomes the strength–ductility trade‐off at cryogenic temperature through the transformation‐induced plasticity.

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Additive manufacturing of NiTi shape memory alloys using pre-mixed powders

Cited by 171 publications

References 40 publications

A Review on Metallic Alloys Fabrication Using Elemental Powder Blends by Laser Powder Directed Energy Deposition Process

A Review on Metallic Alloys Fabrication Using Elemental Powder Blends by Laser Powder Directed Energy Deposition Process

Additive Manufacturing from the Point of View of Materials Research

In situ Alloyed Medium Entropy Alloy Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion: Microstructure and Cryogenic Performance

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