Additive manufacturing of interpenetrating periodic open cellular structures (interPOCS) with in operando adjustable flow characteristics

Do, Giang; Geißelbrecht, M.; Schwieger, Wilhelm; Freund, Hannsjörg

doi:10.1016/j.cep.2019.107786

Cited by 21 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The lattice-based structures are characterized by high porosities and thus provide relatively low pressure drop when compared with packed beds. 14 , 15 Despite the high porosities, they provide large active surface areas, associated with a complex solid matrix which promotes the fluid mixing. POCS can be manufactured by advanced 3D printing techniques, which offer the opportunity to optimize the support geometry to tailor the design to the specific application and produce exact replicas of the optimized shapes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fundamental Investigation of Gas/Solid Heat and Mass Transfer in Structured Catalysts Based on Periodic Open Cellular Structures (POCS)

Ferroni

Bracconi

Ambrosetti

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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In this work, we investigate the gas–solid heat and mass transfer in catalytically activated periodic open cellular structures, which are considered a promising solution for intensification of catalytic processes limited by external transport, aiming at the derivation of suitable correlations. Computational fluid dynamics is employed to investigate the Tetrakaidekahedral and Diamond lattice structures. The influence of the morphological features and flow conditions on the external transport properties is assessed. The strut diameter is an adequate characteristic length for the formulation of heat and mass transfer correlations; accordingly, a power-law dependence of the Sherwood number to the Reynolds number between 0.33 and 0.67 was found according to the flow regimes in the range 1–128 of the Reynolds number. An additional −1.5-order dependence on the porosity is found. The formulated correlations are in good agreement with the simulation results and allow for the accurate evaluation of the external transfer coefficients for POCS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fundamental Investigation of Gas/Solid Heat and Mass Transfer in Structured Catalysts Based on Periodic Open Cellular Structures (POCS)

Ferroni

Bracconi

Ambrosetti

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…In process engineering, the new capabilities of additive manufacturing have been already investigated in former studies. Especially, periodic open‐cell structures (POCS), which are a subtype class of additively manufactured lattice structures (AMLS) that in contrast can also be designed aperiodically or fractally, are the object of various research . In the following, a literature survey will be given, stating also the advantage of the used geometry design in this work considering past research in this field.…”

Section: State‐of‐the‐art: Influence Of Additively Manufactured Strucmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…presented an approach of so‐called interpenetrated periodic open cellular structures (interPOCS) as a geometrically flexible system enabling in operando adjustment of fluid flow characteristics. InterPOCS consist of two interwoven POCS that can be adjusted to reach, e.g., a specific pressure drop level in operando by changing the distance of the two interconnected structures affecting the flow resistance . This approach opens a new dimension of designing 3D‐printed structures for the use in chemical engineering.…”

Section: State‐of‐the‐art: Influence Of Additively Manufactured Strucmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMART‐Reactors: Tailoring Gas Holdup Distribution by Additively Manufactured Lattice Structures

et al. 2020

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In chemical process engineering, fast gas‐liquid reactions often suffer from an inefficient distribution of gas and therefore mixing and mass transfer performance. This study deals with the possibility of influencing the local gas holdup and bubble size distribution in a gas‐liquid process using additively manufactured lattice structures (AMLS). The used measuring technique to study bubble size, velocity, and the local gas holdup is a photo‐optical needle probe. By using AMLS, a significant radial homogenization of the local gas holdup and the mean bubble size is achieved. Furthermore, it can be demonstrated that the bubble size can be tailored by the geometry of the inserted structure. It is illustrated that the mean bubble velocities are lowered within the lattice resulting in a higher residence time of the dispersed phase with an impact on the mass transfer performance within the AMLS.

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“…There have been different approaches to address these problems in the past using conventional fabrication methods, such as the use of monoliths [3], screen or perforated trays [4,5], packed beds [6][7][8], or structured packings [9][10][11][12][13], each with different advantages and disadvantages. Since the rapid rise of additive manufacturing in the last decade and the steady influx of new technical manufacturing possibilities of this innovative technology, it is also gaining increasing acceptance in chemical process engineering [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. As a result of the newly gained degrees of freedom in the design and layout of reactors, new concepts for the development of customized reactor solutions are on the way [23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, POCS have a high surface-to-volume ratio and thus additionally enable a targeted use of heterogeneous catalysts or, in the case of a biochemical reaction, act as a carrier for immobilized enzymes [25]. Additional degrees of freedom in operation can be achieved by the use of interwoven structures, so-called "interPOCS" [18], or by the choice of advanced structural materials (smart materials), e.g., autonomous modes of operation can be achieved using special hydrogels [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Capacitance Volume Tomography (ECVT) for Characterization of Additively Manufactured Lattice Structures (AMLS) in Gas-Liquid Systems

Spille

Tholan

Straiton

et al. 2021

Fluids

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Against the background of current and future global challenges, such as climate change, process engineering requires increasingly specific solutions adapted to the respective problem or application, especially in gas–liquid contact apparatuses. One possibility to adjust the conditions in this kind of apparatuses is an intelligent and customized structuring, which leads to consistent fluid properties and flow characteristics within the reactor. In the course of this, the interfacial area for mass transfer, as well as residence times, have to be adjusted and optimized specifically for the respective application. In order to better understand and advance the research on intelligent customized additively manufactured lattice structures (AMLS), the phase distributions and local gas holdups that are essential for mass transfer are investigated for different structures and flow conditions. For the first time a tomographic measurement technique is used, the Electrical Capacitance Volume Tomography (ECVT), and validated with the volume expansion method and a fiber optical needle probe (A2PS-B-POP) for an air-water system for different modes of operation (with or without co-current liquid flow in empty or packed state). The ECVT proved to be particularly useful for both in the empty tube and the packed state and provided new insights into the phase distributions occurring within structured packings, which would have led to significantly underestimated results based on the visual reference measurements, especially for a densely packed additively manufactured lattice structure (5 mm cubic on the tip). Particularly for the modified structures, which were supposed to show local targeted differences, the ECVT was able to resolve the changes locally. The additional use of a pump for co-current flow operation resulted in slightly higher fluctuations within the ECVT data, although local events could still be resolved sufficiently. The final comparison of the empty tube at rest data with a fiber optical needle probe showed that the results were in good agreement and that the local deviations were due to general differences in the respective measurement techniques.

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Additive manufacturing of interpenetrating periodic open cellular structures (interPOCS) with in operando adjustable flow characteristics

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

A Fundamental Investigation of Gas/Solid Heat and Mass Transfer in Structured Catalysts Based on Periodic Open Cellular Structures (POCS)

A Fundamental Investigation of Gas/Solid Heat and Mass Transfer in Structured Catalysts Based on Periodic Open Cellular Structures (POCS)

SMART‐Reactors: Tailoring Gas Holdup Distribution by Additively Manufactured Lattice Structures

Electrical Capacitance Volume Tomography (ECVT) for Characterization of Additively Manufactured Lattice Structures (AMLS) in Gas-Liquid Systems

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