Additive manufacturing of 316L stainless steel by electron beam melting for nuclear fusion applications

Zhong, Yuan; Rännar, Lars‐Erik; Liu, Leifeng; Koptyug, Andrey; Wikman, Stefan; Olsén, Jon; Cui, Daqing; Shen, Zhijian

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.12.042

Cited by 230 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In the case of the short time intervals, which increases the bulk temperature, samples with coarser structure have been obtained due to lower cooling rates [10]. Zhong et al studied 316L samples fabricated by electron beam melting for nuclear fusion applications [11]. In their study, the structural characterization show a mixture of irregular shaped sub-grains, solidified melt pools, and columnar grains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Si₃N₄ addition on the morphological and structural properties of the 316L stainless steel for nuclear applications

Zine

Şahin

Horváth

et al. 2017

Resolution and Discovery

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The effect of the submicrometer-sized Si 3 N 4 addition on the morphological and structural properties of the ceramic dispersion strengthened (CDS) 316L stainless steels prepared by powder technology has been studied. Two composites were prepared: 316L/0.33 wt. % Si 3 N 4 and 316L/1 wt. % Si 3 N 4 . In order to assure a good dispersion of the ceramic particles in the stainless steel powders and a grain size reduction at the same time, the high efficient attrition milling has been used. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) was used for fast compacting of milled composites. Structural and morphological changes were studied after milling and sintering process. It was found that the amount of Si 3 N 4 addition influenced the efficiency of milling process resulting in powder mixtures with different 316L stainless steel grain size and shapes. In the case of 0.33 wt. % Si 3 N 4 addition, the flat 316L stainless steel grains with submicrometer size in thickness have been resulted after milling compared to 1 wt. % Si 3 N 4 added powder mixtures which consisted of almost globular 316L stainless steel grains with 50-100 μm in diameter. The intensive milling assured an optimal coverage of 316L stainless grains with Si 3 N 4 submicrometer-sized particles in both cases as demonstrated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and TEM. On the other hand, the 316L phase has been maintained during and after the milling and sintering. The partial phase transformation of α-Si 3 N 4 to SiO x was observed by EDS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Si₃N₄ addition on the morphological and structural properties of the 316L stainless steel for nuclear applications

Zine

Şahin

Horváth

et al. 2017

Resolution and Discovery

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“…Additively manufactured stainless steel, mostly SS316L has been already reported in many papers [24,25]. Stainless steel manufactured by EBM even with no post-processing could be utilized for nuclear application [63]. SLM-made steels followed with the necessary postheat-treatment for stress relief and hardening, are used for medical components [64].…”

Section: Stainless Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid additive manufacturing of steels and alloys

Popov

Fleisher

2020

Manufacturing Rev.

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Hybrid additive manufacturing is a relatively modern trend in the integration of different additive manufacturing techniques in the traditional manufacturing production chain. Here the AM-technique is used for producing a part on another substrate part, that is manufactured by traditional manufacturing like casting or milling. Such beneficial combination of additive and traditional manufacturing helps to overcome well-known issues, like limited maximum build size, low production rate, insufficient accuracy, and surface roughness. The current paper is devoted to the classification of different approaches in the hybrid additive manufacturing of steel components. Additional discussion is related to the benefits of Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) and Direct Energy Deposition (DED) approaches for hybrid additive manufacturing of steel components.* e-mail: vvp@technion.ac.il Rev. 7, 6 (2020) This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Manufacturing

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“…The presence of specific defects and other inhomogeneities has a significant effect on the structure, mechanical properties, corrosion, and hydrogen resistance of metals and alloys obtained using additive methods and methods of severe plastic deformation [12][13][14]. Thus, the purpose of this work is to study the initial defect structure effect on the hydrogen-induced defects accumulation in a titanium alloy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positron Spectroscopy of Hydrogen-Loaded Ti-6Al-4V Alloy with Different Defect Structure

et al. 2020

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The defect structure of annealed cast, electron beam melted and ultrafine-grained titanium Ti-6Al-4V alloys before and after hydrogenation was studied. It has been established that before hydrogenation the predominant types of defects in electron beam melted and ultrafine-grained titanium alloy are dislocations and low-angle boundaries, respectively. The cast alloy after annealing is defect-free material. Hydrogenation from the gas phase to 1.00 ± 0.15 wt% leads to an increase of the concentration of the predominant type of defects. Moreover, vacancy complexes also presented in electron beam melted and ultrafine-grained Ti-6Al-4V alloys interact with hydrogen and form hydrogen-vacancy complexes.

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Additive manufacturing of 316L stainless steel by electron beam melting for nuclear fusion applications

Cited by 230 publications

References 30 publications

Effect of Si₃N₄ addition on the morphological and structural properties of the 316L stainless steel for nuclear applications

Effect of Si₃N₄ addition on the morphological and structural properties of the 316L stainless steel for nuclear applications

Hybrid additive manufacturing of steels and alloys

Positron Spectroscopy of Hydrogen-Loaded Ti-6Al-4V Alloy with Different Defect Structure

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Additive manufacturing of 316L stainless steel by electron beam melting for nuclear fusion applications

Cited by 230 publications

References 30 publications

Effect of Si3N4 addition on the morphological and structural properties of the 316L stainless steel for nuclear applications

Effect of Si3N4 addition on the morphological and structural properties of the 316L stainless steel for nuclear applications

Hybrid additive manufacturing of steels and alloys

Positron Spectroscopy of Hydrogen-Loaded Ti-6Al-4V Alloy with Different Defect Structure

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Product

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Effect of Si₃N₄ addition on the morphological and structural properties of the 316L stainless steel for nuclear applications

Effect of Si₃N₄ addition on the morphological and structural properties of the 316L stainless steel for nuclear applications