Additive Manufacturing for Sustainability of Composite Materials Production

McCarthy, Éanna; Brabazon, Dermot

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819724-0.00067-7

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…AM also enables the fast delivery of spare parts, which can be conveniently printed on-demand, thus bringing down the delivery time and drastically reducing the space needed for stockpiling [32]. Another potential advantage comes from the reverse engineering and 3D printing of after-market parts [33]. Already common for legacy cars, this approach can be extended to industrial vehicles and machinery (provided that intellectual properties are protected), thus extending their lifespan beyond the failure of individual components that may become commercially unavailable over time.…”

Section: The Am-composite Materials-sustainability Trianglementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Back in 1987, the United Nations Brundtland Commission defined sustainability as "meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" [51]. With this statement (which is reported in Table 1 with other recycling-related keywords [33,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61], where the listed reference(s) for each term redirect to the source(s) of the corresponding definition), the United States clearly established a link between "sustainability", on the one side, and societal responsibility towards future generations, on the other side, while still recognising the importance of satisfying present needs. Conceivably, this can be pursued (also) through the wise sourcing and management of materials.…”

Section: Critical Considerations About "Sustainability" and "Sustaina...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It may be worth adding that sustainable materials should be easily reprocessed or recycled, thus reducing the need for raw materials [62]. In the discussion about the sustainability of producing composite materials by AM, McCarthy and Brabazon [33] state that "Sustainability is the potential for something to continue indefinitely". Ultimately, the idea of "sustainable materials" revolves on circularity, be it enabled by the transition to renewable sources, or by the promotion of continual reuse.…”

Section: Critical Considerations About "Sustainability" and "Sustaina...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential for something to continue indefinitely. [33] Sustainable materials Materials used throughout our consumer and industrial economy that can be produced in required volumes without depleting non-renewable resources and without disrupting the established steady-state equilibrium of the environment and key natural resource systems.…”

Section: Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recycling as a Key Enabler for Sustainable Additive Manufacturing of Polymer Composites: A Critical Perspective on Fused Filament Fabrication

Sola,

Trinchi

2023

Polymers

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Additive manufacturing (AM, aka 3D printing) is generally acknowledged as a “green” technology. However, its wider uptake in industry largely relies on the development of composite feedstock for imparting superior mechanical properties and bespoke functionality. Composite materials are especially needed in polymer AM, given the otherwise poor performance of most polymer parts in load-bearing applications. As a drawback, the shift from mono-material to composite feedstock may worsen the environmental footprint of polymer AM. This perspective aims to discuss this chasm between the advantage of embedding advanced functionality, and the disadvantage of causing harm to the environment. Fused filament fabrication (FFF, aka fused deposition modelling, FDM) is analysed here as a case study on account of its unparalleled popularity. FFF, which belongs to the material extrusion (MEX) family, is presently the most widespread polymer AM technique for industrial, educational, and recreational applications. On the one hand, the FFF of composite materials has already transitioned “from lab to fab” and finally to community, with far-reaching implications for its sustainability. On the other hand, feedstock materials for FFF are thermoplastic-based, and hence highly amenable to recycling. The literature shows that recycled thermoplastic materials such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET, or its glycol-modified form PETG) can be used for printing by FFF, and FFF printed objects can be recycled when they are at the end of life. Reinforcements/fillers can also be obtained from recycled materials, which may help valorise waste materials and by-products from a wide range of industries (for example, paper, food, furniture) and from agriculture. Increasing attention is being paid to the recovery of carbon fibres (for example, from aviation), and to the reuse of glass fibre-reinforced polymers (for example, from end-of-life wind turbines). Although technical challenges and economical constraints remain, the adoption of recycling strategies appears to be essential for limiting the environmental impact of composite feedstock in FFF by reducing the depletion of natural resources, cutting down the volume of waste materials, and mitigating the dependency on petrochemicals.

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Section: The Am-composite Materials-sustainability Trianglementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Critical Considerations About "Sustainability" and "Sustaina...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Critical Considerations About "Sustainability" and "Sustaina...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Recycling as a Key Enabler for Sustainable Additive Manufacturing of Polymer Composites: A Critical Perspective on Fused Filament Fabrication

Sola,

Trinchi

2023

Polymers

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A Comprehensive Overview on Additive Manufacturing Processes: Materials, Applications, and Challenges

Bharat,

Jain,

Bose

2023

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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Re-Engineering of an Impeller for Submersible Electric Pump to Be Produced by Selective Laser Melting

et al. 2021

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The subject of the present study is the reproduction of a submersible electric pump impeller through reverse engineering and additive manufacturing. All of the phases commonly envisaged in the reproduction of an existing piece were carried out. The aim of the study is to show how the chosen pump component can be effectively re-engineered and produced with the selective laser melting technique, obtaining a final product that is comparable if not even better than the starting one. To achieve this goal, the original piece was redesigned and a new model was created and analyzed. The whole process has been split into three main phases: (i) realization of the three-dimensional model from an existing piece using reverse engineering techniques; (ii) finite element analysis for the optimization of the use of the material; and (iii) 3D printing of a concept model in polyethylene terephthalate by using the fused deposition modeling technology and of the functional model in AISI 316 stainless steel with selective laser melting technology.

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Additive Manufacturing for Sustainability of Composite Materials Production

Cited by 3 publications

References 64 publications

Recycling as a Key Enabler for Sustainable Additive Manufacturing of Polymer Composites: A Critical Perspective on Fused Filament Fabrication

Recycling as a Key Enabler for Sustainable Additive Manufacturing of Polymer Composites: A Critical Perspective on Fused Filament Fabrication

A Comprehensive Overview on Additive Manufacturing Processes: Materials, Applications, and Challenges

Re-Engineering of an Impeller for Submersible Electric Pump to Be Produced by Selective Laser Melting

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