Additive Manufacturing, Cloud-Based 3D Printing and Associated Services—Overview

Baumann, Felix W.; Roller, Dieter

doi:10.3390/jmmp1020015

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 284 publications

(263 reference statements)

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“…A modern method of manufacturing lightweight sandwich structures, made from plastic, composite and metallic materials, is represented by additive manufacturing technology. Additive manufacturing technology comprises a wide range of technologies (Stereolithography, Inkjet printing, Fused Filament Fabrication, Selective Laser Sintering, Selective Laser Melting) and consists of material deposition, layer by layer, having as a main purpose the transformation of digital models into physical objects [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Performances of Lightweight Sandwich Structures Produced by Material Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing

2020

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Material Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing Process (ME-AMP) via Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) offers a higher geometric flexibility than conventional technologies to fabricate thermoplastic lightweight sandwich structures. This study used polylactic acid/polyhydroxyalkanoate (PLA/PHA) biodegradable material and a 3D printer to manufacture lightweight sandwich structures with honeycomb, diamond-celled and corrugated core shapes as a single part. In this paper, compression, three-point bending and tensile tests were performed to evaluate the performance of lightweight sandwich structures with different core topologies. In addition, the main failure modes of the sandwich structures subjected to mechanical tests were evaluated. The main failure modes that were observed from mechanical tests of the sandwich structure were the following: face yielding, face wrinkling, core/skin debonding. Elasto-plastic finite element analysis allowed predicting the global behavior of the structure and stressing distribution in the elements of lightweight sandwich structures. The comparison between the results of bending experiments and finite element analyses indicated acceptable similarity in terms of failure behavior and force reactions. Finally, the three honeycomb, diamond-celled and corrugated core typologies were used in the leading edge of the wing and were impact tested and the results created favorable premises for using such structures on aircraft models and helicopter blade structures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Performances of Lightweight Sandwich Structures Produced by Material Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing

2020

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“…Wi-Fi enabled 3D printers can connect to cloud-based ecosystems comprising a variety of existing services [23,24] like part modeling, part slicing, part repositories, part printing, printer management, etc., all integrated with 3DPCaaS. A lot of synergies can be gained by having these services closely tied together with 3DPCaaS.…”

Section: Discussion Conclusion and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A wide range of 3D printing services -e.g., cloud-based part modeling, slicing and printing services -rely on Cloud Computing and SOA [23,24]. Most relevant to CaaS is the growing trend to control 3D printers remotely via web-based wireless host platforms like 3DPrinterOS [25], Astroprint [26], OctoPrint [27], and Repetier Server [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Level Control of 3D Printers from the Cloud:  A Step Toward 3D Printer Control as a Service

Okwudire¹,

Huggi²,

Supe³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Control as a Service (CaaS) is an emerging paradigm where low-level control of a device is moved from a local controller to the Cloud, and provided to the device as an on-demand service. Among its many benefits, CaaS gives the device access to advanced control algorithms which may not be executable on a local controller due to computational limitations. As a step toward 3D printer CaaS, this paper demonstrates the control of a 3D printer by streaming low-level stepper motor commands (as opposed to high-level G-codes) directly from the Cloud to the printer. The printer is located at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, while its stepper motor commands are calculated using an advanced motion control algorithm running on Google Cloud computers in South Carolina and Australia. The stepper motor commands are sent over the Internet using the user datagram protocol (UDP) and buffered to mitigate transmission delays; checks are included to ensure accuracy and completeness of the transmitted data. All but one part printed using the cloud-based controller in both locations were hitch free (i.e., no pauses due to excessive transmission delays). Moreover, using the cloud-based controller, the parts printed up to 54% faster than using a standard local controller, without loss of accuracy.

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“…Sensor integration for data collation and the subsequent use of the data processed through cloud-based software packages for AM process and design optimization is gaining significant attention [146][147][148]. Wang, Blache, and Xu [149] showed an interactive DfAM cloud-based system comprising decision support module and knowledge management module.…”

Section: Cloud Computing and Additive Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Interrelationship between Additive Manufacturing and Industry 4.0

Butt

2020

Designs

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Innovative technologies allow organizations to remain competitive in the market and increase their profitability. These driving factors have led to the adoption of several emerging technologies and no other trend has created more of an impact than Industry 4.0 in recent years. This is an umbrella term that encompasses several digital technologies that are geared toward automation and data exchange in manufacturing technologies and processes. These include but are not limited to several latest technological developments such as cyber-physical systems, digital twins, Internet of Things, cloud computing, cognitive computing, and artificial intelligence. Within the context of Industry 4.0, additive manufacturing (AM) is a crucial element. AM is also an umbrella term for several manufacturing techniques capable of manufacturing products by adding layers on top of each other. These technologies have been widely researched and implemented to produce homogeneous and heterogeneous products with complex geometries. This paper focuses on the interrelationship between AM and other elements of Industry 4.0. A comprehensive AM-centric literature review discussing the interaction between AM and Industry 4.0 elements whether directly (used for AM) or indirectly (used with AM) has been presented. Furthermore, a conceptual digital thread integrating AM and Industry 4.0 technologies has been proposed. The need for such interconnectedness and its benefits have been explored through the content-centric literature review. Development of such a digital thread for AM will provide significant benefits, allow companies to respond to customer requirements more efficiently, and will accelerate the shift toward smart manufacturing.

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Additive Manufacturing, Cloud-Based 3D Printing and Associated Services—Overview

Cited by 36 publications

References 284 publications

Mechanical Performances of Lightweight Sandwich Structures Produced by Material Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing

Mechanical Performances of Lightweight Sandwich Structures Produced by Material Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing

Low-Level Control of 3D Printers from the Cloud:  A Step Toward 3D Printer Control as a Service

Exploring the Interrelationship between Additive Manufacturing and Industry 4.0

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Additive Manufacturing, Cloud-Based 3D Printing and Associated Services—Overview

Cited by 36 publications

References 284 publications

Mechanical Performances of Lightweight Sandwich Structures Produced by Material Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing

Mechanical Performances of Lightweight Sandwich Structures Produced by Material Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing

Low-Level Control of 3D Printers from the Cloud:&nbsp; A Step Toward 3D Printer Control as a Service

Exploring the Interrelationship between Additive Manufacturing and Industry 4.0

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Low-Level Control of 3D Printers from the Cloud: A Step Toward 3D Printer Control as a Service