Additive manufactured high entropy alloys: A review of the microstructure and properties

Zhang, Wei; Chabok, Ali; Kooi, Bart J.; Pei, Yu

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110875

Cited by 110 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 259 publications

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“…However, due to the presence of some metallographic texture in the specimens obtained by SLM, the strength can vary (±50 MPa) depending on the direction. Similar results were previously reported for various alloys produced by SLM [62,63].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Mechanical Behavior of a Medium-Entropy Fe65(CoNi)25Cr9.5C0.5 Alloy Produced by Selective Laser Melting

et al. 2023

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Specimens of a medium-entropy Fe65(CoNi)25Cr9.5C0.5 (in at.%) alloy were produced using additive manufacturing (selective laser melting, SLM). The selected parameters of SLM resulted in a very high density in the specimens with a residual porosity of less than 0.5%. The structure and mechanical behavior of the alloy were studied under tension at room and cryogenic temperatures. The microstructure of the alloy produced by SLM comprised an elongated substructure, inside which cells with a size of ~300 nm were observed. The as-produced alloy demonstrated high yield strength and ultimate tensile strength (YS = 680 MPa; UTS = 1800 MPa) along with good ductility (tensile elongation = 26%) at a cryogenic temperature (77 K) that was associated with the development of transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect. At room temperature, the TRIP effect was less pronounced. Consequently, the alloy demonstrated lower strain hardening and a YS/UTS of 560/640 MPa. The deformation mechanisms of the alloy are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Mechanical Behavior of a Medium-Entropy Fe65(CoNi)25Cr9.5C0.5 Alloy Produced by Selective Laser Melting

et al. 2023

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“…It has been reported that HEAs are capable of providing a distinct combination of properties including high strength, hardness, wear, and corrosion or thermal resistance [ 78 ]. Most popular HEA materials mainly involve Al, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, and Ni elements [ 79 ], although HEAs combining refractory metals, e.g., Nb, W, or Ta, and other transition metals, e.g., Ti, have also been explored [ 80 , 81 , 82 ]. Just recently, scientists of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory discovered the toughest alloy known so far, which is, interestingly enough, a CrCoNi HEA [ 83 ].…”

Section: Additive Manufacturing Of Multi-materials Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latest Developments to Manufacture Metal Matrix Composites and Functionally Graded Materials through AM: A State-of-the-Art Review

et al. 2023

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Multi-material structure fabrication has the potential to address some critical challenges in today’s industrial paradigm. While conventional manufacturing processes cannot deliver multi-material structures in a single operation, additive manufacturing (AM) has come up as an appealing alternative. In particular, laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) is preferred for multi-material AM. The most relevant applications envisioned for multi-material LDED are alloy design, metal matrix composites (MMC), and functionally graded materials (FGM). Nonetheless, there are still some issues that need to be faced before multi-material L-DED is ready for industrial use. Driven by this need, in this literature review, the suitability of L-DED for multi-material component fabrication is first demonstrated. Then, the main defects associated with multi-material LDED and current opportunities and challenges in the field are reported. In view of the industrial relevance of high-performance coatings as tools to mitigate wear, emphasis is placed on the development of MMCs and FGMs. The identified challenges include—but are not limited to—tightly controlling the composition of the multi-material powder mixture injected into the melt pool; understanding the influence of the thermal history of the process on microstructural aspects, including the interactions between constituents; and studying the in-service behaviours of MMCs and FGMs with regard to their durability and failure modes.

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“…HEAs have garnered significant attention because they are characterized by a huge composition versatility and distinctive high configurational entropy. , HEAs can be potentially used to develop cost-effective, multicomponent catalysts with high activity, selectivity, and stability following the processes of multicomponent design and element regulation. The efficiency of these catalysts surpasses the efficiency of pure metals and few-element alloys.…”

Section: Design Strategies For Pt-based Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Pt-Based Alloy Electrocatalysts for Improved Hydrogen Evolution Performance in Alkaline Electrolytes: A Comprehensive Review

Gao,

Zhu,

Chen

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

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The splitting of water through electrocatalysis offers a sustainable method for the production of hydrogen. In alkaline electrolytes, the lack of protons forces water dissociation to occur before the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). While pure Pt is the gold standard electrocatalyst in acidic electrolytes, since the 5d orbital in Pt is nearly fully occupied, when it overlaps with the molecular orbital of water, it generates a Pauli repulsion. As a result, the formation of a Pt−H* bond in an alkaline environment is difficult, which slows the HER and negates the benefits of using a pure Pt catalyst. To overcome this limitation, Pt can be alloyed with transition metals, such as Fe, Co, and Ni. This approach has the potential not only to enhance the performance but also to increase the Pt dispersion and decrease its usage, thus overall improving the catalyst's costeffectiveness. The excellent water adsorption and dissociation ability of transition metals contributes to the generation of a proton-rich local environment near the Pt-based alloy that promotes HER. Significant progress has been achieved in comprehending the alkaline HER mechanism through the manipulation of the structure and composition of electrocatalysts based on the Pt alloy. The objective of this review is to analyze and condense the latest developments in the production of Pt-based alloy electrocatalysts for alkaline HER. It focuses on the modified performance of Pt-based alloys and clarifies the design principles and catalytic mechanism of the catalysts from both an experimental and theoretical perspective. This review also highlights some of the difficulties encountered during the HER and the opportunities for increasing the HER performance. Finally, guidance for the development of more efficient Pt-based alloy electrocatalysts is provided.

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Additive manufactured high entropy alloys: A review of the microstructure and properties

Cited by 110 publications

References 259 publications

Mechanical Behavior of a Medium-Entropy Fe65(CoNi)25Cr9.5C0.5 Alloy Produced by Selective Laser Melting

Mechanical Behavior of a Medium-Entropy Fe65(CoNi)25Cr9.5C0.5 Alloy Produced by Selective Laser Melting

Latest Developments to Manufacture Metal Matrix Composites and Functionally Graded Materials through AM: A State-of-the-Art Review

Optimizing Pt-Based Alloy Electrocatalysts for Improved Hydrogen Evolution Performance in Alkaline Electrolytes: A Comprehensive Review

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