Additive effects of ciprofloxacin on the in-vitro activity of chloroquine against a clinical isolate of<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>

Kazzim, Oladapo J.; Adegbolagun, Olayemi Modupe; Osho, Olufemi; Anumudu, Chiaka I.

doi:10.1179/136485906x118477

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The interaction was demonstrated by a significant reduction in parasitemia and enhanced survival rate of the animals (80%) in the group of animals treated with the combination of CQ plus 160 mg/kg body weight CFX. Our results support previous reports describing beneficial interaction between CFX and CQ in vitro (Kazzim et al 2006) although results from our study show a dose dependent interaction between the two compounds in the combination. Combination of CQ with lower doses of ciprofloxacin was not beneficial and this finding is consistent with reports from Salmon and colleagues (Salmon et al 1990).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…However they may be considered as part of combination therapy when administered with a rapidly acting antimalarial drug (Pradines et al 2001). Mutual enhancement of antimalarial activity during combination of chloroquine and ciprofloxacin against Plasmodium falciparum has been reported in vitro (Kazzim et al 2006). The interaction between both drugs was additive indicating that the combination may be potentially useful in the management of falciparum malaria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interaction between ciprofloxacin and chloroquine in mice infected with chloroquine resistant Plasmodium berghei

et al. 2011

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The increasing spread of chloroquine resistant malaria has intensified the search for new antimalarial treatment, especially drugs that can be used in combination. Ciprofloxacin (CFX) a fluoroquinolone commonly used to treat bacterial infections has been shown to possess significant antimalarial activity both in vitro and in vivo. Thus efforts in this study were devoted to evaluating the antimalarial activity of combination of chloroquine (CQ) with varying doses (10, 20, 40 80, 160 mg/kg body weight) of CFX in groups of 35 mice inoculated intraperitoneally with 10(7) chloroquine resistant strain Plasmodium berghei ANKA. Parasitological activity and survival of the animals were assessed over 21 days. Parasitemia in non-treated control mice peaked at 78% on day 9 and none survived by day 10. However, the combination of CQ with 160 mg/kg body weight of CFX resulted in a reduction in parasitemia between days 9 and 14 and this was significantly lower than that obtained with CQ alone or CQ combined with the lower doses of CFX (p < 0.05). In addition, the combination of CQ with 160 mg/kg CFX significantly reduced mortality in the infected animals (p = 0.0002) compared with the other treatment groups. The results from this study support the potential usefulness of CFX in combination with antimalarial drugs for the treatment of chloroquine resistant human malaria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between ciprofloxacin and chloroquine in mice infected with chloroquine resistant Plasmodium berghei

et al. 2011

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“…(4)) (IC 50 = 10.4 M) [92]. In vitro studies showed additive effects upon combination of ciprofloxacin with chloroquine [94], primaquine, mefloquine or artesunate [95,96]. Enhanced activity owing to the combination of mefloquine or artesunate with ciprofloxacin was confirmed in vivo in P. berghei infected mice [96].…”

Section: Quinolonesmentioning

confidence: 85%

Antibiotics in Malaria Therapy and their Effect on the Parasite Apicoplast

Pradel¹,

Schlitzer

2010

CMM

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The impact of selected antibiotics on combating malaria infections was discovered in the mid of last century. Only recently, studies on their modes of action in malaria parasites have been initiated, prompted by the discovery of a prokaryotic organelle, the apicoplast. This plastid-derived structure, which originates from a secondary endosymbiotic event, possesses important metabolic as well as housekeeping functions, including fatty acid and heme biosynthesis. Due to its indispensability for parasite survival it represents a promising target for the use of antibiotics in malaria therapy. Most antibiotics cause a delayed death phenotype, which manifests in the late onset of antimalarial activity during the second replication cycle of the pathogen. This review will describe the effect of classical antibacterial agents against malaria parasites and the use of some of these compounds in clinical settings. Firstly we discuss the current knowledge about the physiological and morphological effects of antibiotics on the parasite and the apicoplast in particular, with special focus on the delayed death effect. Secondly antimalarial antibiotics are specified and their effects in vitro are compared with available in vivo data and clinical studies. Major precautions and side effects are described.

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“…Pairwise comparison of the 492 active compounds identified 1,250 pairs that were negatively correlated, with CC ranging from −0.26 to -0.90 (Table S5). In particular, 43 compounds were negatively correlated with CQ, including ciprofloxacin and clindamycin, each of which has been reported to have antimalarial activity alone (26, 27). The combination of clindamycin and CQ (CC = −0.27) substantially improves patient cure rate as compared with CQ alone (94% compared to 32%) (26), and ciprofloxacin (CC = −0.30) significantly enhances CQ activity in vitro (27).…”

Section: Compounds With Correlated Responses and Response Signature Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Genomic Profiling for Antimalarial Therapies, Response Signatures, and Molecular Targets

Yuan

Cheng

Johnson

et al. 2011

Science

131

135

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Malaria remains a devastating disease largely because of widespread drug resistance. New drugs and a better understanding of the mechanisms of drug action and resistance are essential for fulfilling the promise of eradicating malaria. Using high-throughput chemical screening and genome-wide association analysis, we identified 32 highly active compounds and genetic loci and genes associated with differential chemical phenotypes (DCPs), defined as ≥5-fold differences in half-maximum inhibitor concentration (IC50) between parasite lines. Chromosomal loci associated with 49 DCPs were confirmed by linkage analysis and tests of genetically modified parasites, including three genes that were linked to 96% of the DCPs. Drugs whose responses mapped to wild type or mutant pfcrt alleles were tested in combination in vitro and in vivo, yielding promising new leads for antimalarial treatments.

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Additive effects of ciprofloxacin on the in-vitro activity of chloroquine against a clinical isolate ofPlasmodium falciparum

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Interaction between ciprofloxacin and chloroquine in mice infected with chloroquine resistant Plasmodium berghei

Interaction between ciprofloxacin and chloroquine in mice infected with chloroquine resistant Plasmodium berghei

Antibiotics in Malaria Therapy and their Effect on the Parasite Apicoplast

Chemical Genomic Profiling for Antimalarial Therapies, Response Signatures, and Molecular Targets

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