Additional novel Cryptosporidium genotypes in ornamental fishes

Cryptosporidium huwi n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the guppy (Poecilia reticulata)

“…Another study examined 4 neon tetra 198 isolates but did not detect C. huwi n. sp., however piscine genotype 4 was detected in 199 one of these isolates (Morine et al, 2012). Cryptosporidium species and size measurement is not a useful criterion for delimiting 206 species in this genus (Fall et al, 2003).…”

Molecular characterisation of a disseminated Cryptosporidium infection in a Koi carp (Cyprinus carpio)

“…The prevalence of Cryptosporidium in fish is highly variable with prevalences ranging 0.8% to 100% mostly among juvenile fish (Landsberg and Paperna, 1986;Sitjà-Bobadilla et al, 2005;Alvarez-Pellitero et al, 2004, Murphy et al, 2009Reid et al, 2010;Zanguee et al, 2010;Morine et al, 2012;Koinari et al, 2013;Certad et al, 2015;Yang et al, 2015). Molecular characterization has identified additional piscine genotypes (piscine genotypes 2-8, C. molnari-like and 5 un-named novel genotypes) as well as C. parvum, C. xiaoi, C. scrofarum, C. hominis and rat genotype III in adult and juvenile fish (Murphy et al, 2009;Reid et al, 2010;Zanguee et al, 2010;Barugahare et al, 2011;Morine et al, 2012;Koinari et al, 2013;Ryan and Xiao, 2014;Certad et al, 2015;Yang et al, 2015).…”

“…Molecular characterization has identified additional piscine genotypes (piscine genotypes 2-8, C. molnari-like and 5 un-named novel genotypes) as well as C. parvum, C. xiaoi, C. scrofarum, C. hominis and rat genotype III in adult and juvenile fish (Murphy et al, 2009;Reid et al, 2010;Zanguee et al, 2010;Barugahare et al, 2011;Morine et al, 2012;Koinari et al, 2013;Ryan and Xiao, 2014;Certad et al, 2015;Yang et al, 2015). In the present study, we present evidence of a disseminated case of cryptosporidiosis in the gills, all parenchymous organs and intestines of a Koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) and molecular identification as a novel isolate, that was most closely related to C. molnari.…”

Genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium in fish at the 18S and actin loci and high levels of mixed infections

“…Molecular characterization based mainly on short 18S rRNA sequences (250-404 bp) has identified seven additional piscine genotypes (piscine genotypes 2-8) as well as Cryptosporidium parvum, Cryptosporidium xiaoi, Cryptosporidium scrofarum, Cryptosporidium hominis and rat genotype III in fish (Murphy et al, 2009;Reid et al, 2010;Zanguee et al, 2010;Morine et al, 2012;Koinari et al, 2013;. Understanding the epidemiology and zoonotic potential of piscine Cryptosporidium is important because Cryptosporidium can cause a variety of clinical signs in fish and as it can cause high morbidity, it is also economically important (Alvarez-Pellitero and Sitja-Bobadilla, 2002;Alvarez-Pellitero et al, 2004;Ryan et al, 2004Ryan et al, , 2015Murphy et al, 2009;Zanguee et al, 2010).…”

“…Understanding the epidemiology and zoonotic potential of piscine Cryptosporidium is important because Cryptosporidium can cause a variety of clinical signs in fish and as it can cause high morbidity, it is also economically important (Alvarez-Pellitero and Sitja-Bobadilla, 2002;Alvarez-Pellitero et al, 2004;Ryan et al, 2004Ryan et al, , 2015Murphy et al, 2009;Zanguee et al, 2010). A sound taxonomy of piscine-derived Cryptosporidium species is also important as previous research suggests that they may be the most primitive of Cryptosporidium species (Ryan et al, 2004(Ryan et al, , 2015Palenzuela et al, 2010;Reid et al, 2010;Zanguee et al, 2010;Morine et al, 2012;Koinari et al, 2013) and therefore, provide important information on the evolution of the genus. The purpose of the present study was to examine the extent of genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium species in fish hosts using a longer region (∼553 bp) of the 18S gene (Silva et al, 2013) and to construct a molecular phylogeny at the actin locus to better understand the phylogenetic relationships of piscine Cryptosporidium species and genotypes.…”