Additional data on phenocopies and genic action

Goldschmidt, Richard

doi:10.1002/jez.1401000203

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For many HSs, nearly all surviving flies had abnormal wings (Table 1). This finding, moreover, is consistent with a considerable older literature (Goldschmidt 1945; Goldschmidt 1949; Milkman 1962; Petersen & Mitchell 1991) and implies that lethality alone can be an imperfect metric of thermal sensitivity. Indeed, if the net effect of HS on fitness is the product of the probabilities of dying outright (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of heat shock, pretreatment and hsp70 copy number on wing development in Drosophila melanogaster

Williams¹,

Helin²,

Posluszny

et al. 2003

Molecular Ecology

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Naturally occurring heat shock (HS) during pupation induces abnormal wing development in Drosophila; we examined factors affecting the severity of this induction. The proportion of HS-surviving adults with abnormal wings varied with HS duration and intensity, and with the pupal age or stage at HS administration. Pretreatment (PT), mild hyperthermia delivered before HS, usually protected development against HS. Gradual heating resembling natural thermal regimes also protected wing development against thermal disruption. Because of the roles of the wings in flight and courtship and in view of natural thermal regimes that Drosophila experience, both HS-induction of wing abnormalities and its abatement by PT may have marked effects on Drosophila fitness in nature. Because PT is associated with expression of heat-inducible molecular chaperones such as Hsp70 in Drosophila, we compared thermal disruption of wing development among hsp70 mutants as well as among strains naturally varying in Hsp70 levels. Contrary to expectations, lines or strains with increased Hsp70 levels were no more resistant to HS-disruption of wing development than counterparts with lower Hsp70 levels. In fact, wing development was more resistant to HS in hsp70 deletion strains than control strains. We suggest that, while high Hsp70 levels may aid cells in surviving hyperthermia, high levels may also overly stimulate or inhibit numerous signalling pathways involved in cell proliferation, maturation and programmed death, resulting in developmental failure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of heat shock, pretreatment and hsp70 copy number on wing development in Drosophila melanogaster

Williams¹,

Helin²,

Posluszny

et al. 2003

Molecular Ecology

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“…Not really. Side-stepping the work done with Drosophila in the 1930-1960s Ives, 1932, 1935;Child et al, 1940;Goldschmidt, 1945Goldschmidt, , 1949Milkman, 1962), other groups using chickens (De La Cruz et al, 1966) or rats (Skerb and Frank, 1963) had some limited success, inducing malformations by exposure of the embryos/fetuses to elevated temperatures. While these studies mostly showed embryo lethality, they did corroborate Edwards' observations in that the malformations that were induced mostly during the earlier stages of development and the developing brain appeared to be a target organ (De La Cruz et al, 1966;Skerb and Frank, 1963;Edwards, 1968).…”

Section: Observations In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Hyperthermia: malformations to chaperones

Bennett

2010

Birth Defects Research Pt B

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Hyperthermia has been known to induce malformations in numerous animal models as well being associated with human abnormalities. This was apparent particularly when the hyperthermia exposure was during the early stages of neural development. Although it was recognized relatively early that these exposures induced cell death, the specific molecular mechanism of how a brief heat exposure was translated in to specific cellular functions remains largely unknown. While our understanding of the events that govern how cells react to heat, or stresses in general, has increased, there is much that remains undiscovered. In this brief review, animal and clinical observations are outlined as are some of the scientific explorations that were undertaken to characterize, define, and better understand the morphological, biochemical, and molecular effects of hyperthermia on the developing embryo.

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“…Not really. Side‐stepping the work done with Drosophila in the 1930–1960s (Plough and Ives, 1932, 1935; Child et al, 1940; Goldschmidt, 1945, 1949; Milkman, 1962), other groups using chickens (De La Cruz et al, 1966) or rats (Skerb and Frank, 1963) had some limited success, inducing malformations by exposure of the embryos/fetuses to elevated temperatures. While these studies mostly showed embryo lethality, they did corroborate Edwards' observations in that the malformations that were induced mostly during the earlier stages of development and the developing brain appeared to be a target organ (De La Cruz et al, 1966; Skerb and Frank, 1963; Edwards, 1968).…”

Section: Observations In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early experience in the application of distal protection devices in treatment of peripheral vascular disease of the lower extremities

Wholey

Toursarkissian

Postoak

et al. 2005

Cathet. Cardiovasc. Intervent.

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The objectives of this study were to reduce the risk of showering distal vessels with thromboemboli created during percutaneous interventions of the arteries in the lower extremities. Distal protection devices have been used in coronary and carotid interventions. Hence, using similar techniques, these filters and occlusion balloons were advanced past the targeted lesions and distally into femoral and popliteal arteries. Once opened, these devices allowed standard angioplasty and stent placement and captured the dislodged thromboemboli. Five cases were performed with the distal protection devices. One case used the distal occlusion balloon and four with the filter system. All five passed the lesion and were deployed. All five devices were retrieved without incident and were retrieved with substantial debris. There were no adverse events. The use of distal protection to treat high-risk or unstable lesions in the lower extremities shows great promise. Further case will be needed to evaluate the device for feasibility and safety.

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Additional data on phenocopies and genic action

Cited by 20 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of heat shock, pretreatment and hsp70 copy number on wing development in Drosophila melanogaster

Effect of heat shock, pretreatment and hsp70 copy number on wing development in Drosophila melanogaster

Hyperthermia: malformations to chaperones

Early experience in the application of distal protection devices in treatment of peripheral vascular disease of the lower extremities

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