Additional benefit of yoga to standard lifestyle modification on blood pressure in prehypertensive subjects: a randomized controlled study

Thiyagarajan, Ramkumar; Pal, Pravati; Pal, Gopal Krushna; Subramanian, Senthil Kumar; Trakroo, Madanmohan; Bobby, Zachariah; Das, Ashok Kumar

doi:10.1038/hr.2014.126

Cited by 24 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In a randomized controlled study, yoga, standard lifestyle modification and lifestyle plus yoga were compared for their effects on pre-hypertension (systolic BP 120e139 and/or diastolic BP 80e89) [70]. Several potentially confounding variables were comparable between groups at the onset of the study including age, waist circumference, physical activity, blood pressure and glucose and lipids.…”

Section: Prehypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yoga research review

Field

2016

Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice

148

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Section: Prehypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yoga research review

Field

2016

Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Of the 30 studies that were included, 15 originated from India (Bera and Rajapurkar, 1993;Harbans et al, 2011;Hegde et al, 2013;Kanojia et al, 2013;Mahajan et al, 1999;Manjunath and Telles, 2012;McDermott et al, 2014;Mooventhan and Khode, 2014;Ray et al, 2001;Shukla and Gehlot, 2014;Telles et al, 2014;Telles et al, 2013;Thiyagarajan et al, 2015;Khatri et al, 2007;Manchanda et al, 2013), 8 from the USA (Blumenthal et al, 1989;Cohen et al, 2008a;Elavsky and McAuley, 2007a;Kanaya et al, 2014;Stachenfeld et al, 1998;Tracy and Hart, 2013 3 from Korea Seo et al, 2012;Kim et al, 2013), 2 from Taiwan (Chen et al, 2008;Chen et al, 2010), and one each from Japan (Sakuma et al, 2012) and China . Ten of the trials explicitly investigated overweight or obese individuals (Cohen et al, 2008a;Harbans et al, 2011;Kanaya et al, 2014;Lee et al, 2012;Seo et al, 2012;Shukla and Gehlot, 2014;Telles et al, 2014;Khatri et al, 2007;Kim et al, 2013;Manchanda et al, 2013); and three trials were conducted on children/adolescents (Bera and Rajapurkar, 1993;Seo et al, 2012;…”

Section: Study and Participant Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intervention adherence was reported by only nine studies (Blumenthal et al, 1989;Chen et al, 2008;Elavsky and McAuley, 2007a;Hegde et al, 2013;Kanaya et al, 2014;McDermott et al, 2014;Manchanda et al, 2013;Cohen et al, 2008b;Yang et al, 2011); participants in those studies attended a mean of 63.0%-95.8% (median: 78.2%) of the prescribed yoga sessions. Regarding control interventions, nineteen studies compared yoga to usual care or no specific treatment, eight studies compared yoga to exercise, three studies compared yoga to lifestyle modification (Mahajan et al, 1999;McDermott et al, 2014;Thiyagarajan et al, 2015); and one trial compared yoga combined with diet to diet alone (Shukla and Gehlot, 2014). One trial compared yoga to herbal medicines (Manjunath and Telles, 2012) and could therefore not be included in the meta-analysis.…”

Section: Intervention Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of yoga on weight-related outcomes

Lauche

Langhorst

Lee

et al. 2016

Preventive Medicine

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Introduction. Overweight and obesity are among the most important modifiable risk factors for chronic diseases and premature death. The aim of this review was to systematically assess and analyze the effects of yoga on weight-related outcomes.Methods. Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were screened through March 2015 for randomized controlled trials on yoga for weight-related outcomes in the general population or overweight/obese individuals. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool on the following domains: selection bias, performance bias, detection bias, attrition bias, reporting bias, and other bias.Results. Out of 445 records identified during literature search, 30 trials with a total of 2173 participants were included. No effects on weight, body mass index, body fat percentage or waist circumference were found. In studies with healthy adult participants an effect of yoga compared to usual care was found regarding waist/hip ratio (SMD =-− 1.00; 95% CI =-− 1.44, − 0.55; p b 0.001). In studies with overweight/obese participants only, effects relative to usual care were found for body mass index (SMD = −0.99; 95% CI = −1.67, −0.31; p = 0.004). Effects however were not robust against selection bias; and publication bias could not be ruled out. No intervention-related adverse events were reported.Conclusions. Despite methodological drawbacks, yoga can be preliminarily considered a safe and effective intervention to reduce body mass index in overweight or obese individuals.

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“…LSMs are often difficult for patients to incorporate and successfully maintain, and many patients go on to require drug therapy to treat their hypertension effectively. Yoga has emerged as a popular approach to blood pressure (BP) reduction in Western cultures and represents an attractive alternative in patients with mild to moderate hypertension preferring to avoid the use of medication or additional medication …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Pressure Effects of Yoga, Alone or in Combination With Lifestyle Measures: Results of the Lifestyle Modification and Blood Pressure Study (LIMBS)

Cohen

Boudhar

Bowler

et al. 2016

J of Clinical Hypertension

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The authors conducted a study to assess the effects of yoga on blood pressure (BP). Patients were randomized to yoga (Blood Pressure Education Program [BPEP]), or a combined program (COMBO). Ambulatory BP was measured at baseline and at 12 and 24 weeks. Data are presented for all enrolled patients (n=137) and for completers only (n=90). Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were significantly decreased within all groups at 12 and 24 weeks (P<.001) for enrolled patients and completers. SBP was significantly reduced in the yoga and COMBO groups as compared with the BPEP group at 12 weeks in all enrolled and completers.SBP differences were no longer significant at 24 weeks between groups in all enrolled patients; however, there was a greater reduction in SBP at 24 weeks in completers favoring BPEP over yoga. No differences in DBP between groups or in BP between the yoga and COMBO groups were present. The authors did not observe an additive benefit from combining yoga with BPEP measures. Reasons for this are unclear at this time. BP lowering with yoga, however, was similar to that achieved with lifestyle measures. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2016;18:809-816. ª 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Hypertension is a major public health issue and affects approximately 70 million adults in the United States and more than a billion people worldwide and is a major risk factor in the development of stroke and cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease.1 The initial treatment of mild to moderate hypertension is to encourage lifestyle modification (LSM) before initiating drug therapy. LSM includes reducing dietary sodium intake, adoption of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet (rich in fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy foods, and low saturated fats), encouragement of weight loss, reduction of alcohol intake, and increasing physical activity.2 LSMs are often difficult for patients to incorporate and successfully maintain, and many patients go on to require drug therapy to treat their hypertension effectively. Yoga has emerged as a popular approach to blood pressure (BP) reduction in Western cultures and represents an attractive alternative in patients with mild to moderate hypertension preferring to avoid the use of medication or additional medication. 3,4We conducted a pilot study in which we observed significant decreases in 24-hour ambulatory BP (ABP) readings after a 12-week period of yoga participation. 5Based on this we conducted a larger randomized trial, the Lifestyle Modification and Blood Pressure Study II (LIMBS II), to determine the effects of yoga and enhanced LSM, alone or together, on lowering BP in patients with prehypertension and stage 1 hypertension. 6 Our hypothesis was that yoga would be as effective as a dietary intervention. To our knowledge, no prior study of yoga has examined whether it adds to a dietary intervention; thus, we introduced this novel aspect as a third arm in our protocol. METHODSStudy Design LIMBS II is a phase 2 randomized, nonblinded, prospective, controlled trial to ass...

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Additional benefit of yoga to standard lifestyle modification on blood pressure in prehypertensive subjects: a randomized controlled study

Cited by 24 publications

References 41 publications

Yoga research review

Yoga research review

A systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of yoga on weight-related outcomes

Blood Pressure Effects of Yoga, Alone or in Combination With Lifestyle Measures: Results of the Lifestyle Modification and Blood Pressure Study (LIMBS)

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