Addition of softwood biochar to contaminated soils decreases the mobility, leachability and bioaccesibility of potentially toxic elements

Manzano, Rebeca; Diquattro, Stefania; Roggero, Pier Paolo; Pinna, Maria Vittoria; Garau, Giovanni; Castaldi, Paola

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139946

Cited by 34 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Our experimental evidence supports such conclusions, e.g. available P significantly increased from 31 to 40 and from 37 to 56 mg kg -1 in two PTE-contaminated soils treated with 5% (w/w) softwood BCH (Table 4; Manzano et al, 2020). Significant increases in exchangeable Ca were also reported in the Accepted paper same study.…”

Section: Biocharsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Such a low DOC content suggested that almost all biochar's C was recalcitrant and insoluble. Importantly, when this latter BCH was added to two different PTE-polluted soils, the DOC content significantly decreased indicating that BCH actively adsorbed dissolved organic compounds in soil (Table 4; Manzano et al, 2020), as also reported by other authors (e.g. Lin et al, 2012;Eykelbosh et al, 2015).…”

Section: Biocharsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Importantly, also CEC and OM content generally increased after BCH amendment (Table 4) (Abou Jaoude et al, 2019;Lebrun et al, 2019;Manzano et al, 2020). Depending on the biochar type, DOC content significantly increased in treated soils (Abou Jaoude et al, 2020), while it decreased in others (Table 4; Manzano et al, 2020). This can be explained with the different DOC content of the BCH added, which in turn depends on the organic biomass and pyrolysis conditions, as well as by a certain adsorption capacity of BCH.…”

Section: Biocharmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…alkalinity, high P and Ca content) make it a suitable amendment for the enhancement of soil fertility (Zhang et al, 2013;Li et al, 2017), as well as Accepted paper microbial abundance and activity (Gómez et al, 2014;Xu et al, 2017). Moreover, growing evidence suggest that BCH can have a significant role in decreasing the mobility of PTE (Fang et al, 2016;Abou Jaoude et al, 2020;Manzano et al, 2020). Overall, this is due to its microporous structure and high surface area as well as to the presence of different functional groups (e.g.…”

Section: Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, the BCH used by Abou Jaoude et al 2020was obtained at low temperature (i.e. 400°C) by MSW, and had a DOC content of 2,300 mg kg -1 , while that of Manzano et al (2020) was obtained at high temperature (i.e. 800°C) by softwood and contained approx.…”

Section: Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Innovative amendments derived from industrial and municipal wastes enhance plant growth and soil functions in potentially toxic elements-polluted environments

et al. 2021

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Highlights- Water Treatment Residuals, Red Muds, Municipal Solid Waste Compost and Biochar can reduce labile PTE in contaminated soils.- When used as amendments, WTR, RM, MSWC and BCH improve soil chemical fertility of PTE-polluted soils.- WTR, RM, MSWC and BCH stimulate soil enzyme activity and heterotrophic bacterial abundance in PTE-polluted soils.- WTR, RM, MSWC and BCH can be used as strategic amendments to enhance plant growth in environments polluted by PTE. Potentially toxic elements (PTE), e.g. As, Sb, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, can severely impact soil element cycling, organic matter turnover and soil inhabiting microbiota. Very often this has dramatic consequences for plant growth and yield which are greatly restricted in PTE-contaminated soils. The use of innovative amendments to reduce the labile pool of such soil contaminants, can result as a feasible and sustainable strategy to improve the fertility and functionality of PTE-contaminated soils as well as to exploit these latter from an agronomic point of view. Water treatment residuals (WTR), red muds (RM), organic-based materials originating from the waste cycle, e.g. municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) and biochar (BCH), have emerged in the last decades as promising amendments. In this paper, we report a synthesis of the lessons learned from research carried out in the last 20 years on the use of the above-mentioned innovative amendments for the manipulation of soil fertility and functionality in PTE-contaminated soils. The amendments considered possess physico-chemical properties useful to reduce labile PTE in soil (e.g. alkaline pH, porosity, Fe/Al phases, specific functional groups and ionic composition among the others). In addition, they contain organic and inorganic nutrients which can contribute to improve the soil chemical, microbial and biochemical status. This is often reflected by a higher organic matter content in amended soils and/or an increase of the cation exchange capacity, available P and total N and/or dissolved organic C. As a result, soil microbial abundance, in particular heterotrophic fungi and bacteria, and enzyme activities (e.g. dehydrogenase, urease and β-glucosidase) are commonly enhanced in amended soils, while plant growth can be significantly stimulated. Overall, the obtained results suggest that the studied amendments can be used to reduce PTE bioavailability in polluted soils, improve soil microbial status and functionality, and enhance the productivity of different crops. This can offer a precious opportunity for the productive recovery of PTE-polluted soils.

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Section: Biocharsupporting

confidence: 89%