Addition of compatibilized nanoclay and UHMWPE fibers to epoxy based GFRPs for improved mechanical properties

Shelly, Daksh; Nanda, Tarun; Mehta, Rajeev

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106371

Cited by 27 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The increase in d‐spacing was attributed to (a) reaction between APTES and hydroxyl groups present on edges/surface of nanoclay, and/or (b) pulling of outer platelets by Si─O─Si bonds which increase the inter‐layer galleries. [ 66–69 ] For GFRP nanocomposites reinforced with pristine nanoclay (2PGC; Table 3) and also with silanized nanoclay (2PG*C; Table 3), no peak was observed. Clay platelets have a natural tendency to exist in stacks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel epoxy‐based glass fiber reinforced composites containing compatibilized para‐aramid fibers and silanized nanoclay for improved impact strength

2021

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This research developed epoxy-based glass fiber reinforced composite (GFRPs) containing multi-scale fiber reinforcement comprising of silanized nanoclay (nano-reinforcement) and compatibilized para-aramid (PA) fibers (micro-reinforcement) for enhanced impact strength and tensile-flexural properties. VARIM technique was used for fabrication of GFRPs. Surface modification (silanization) of nanoclay was confirmed by FTIR and that of PA fibers was confirmed by SEM-EDS and FTIR. Dispersion/morphology of nanoclay in the processed nanocomposites was determined by XRD and TEM analysis.Three different methods were used for the compatibilization of PA fibers. All methods exhibited a substantial increase in impact strength without a decrease in flexural/tensile strength. Nanocomposite containing 1.0 phr MAH treated PA fibers and 2 phr silanized nanoclay showed the highest improvement in impact strength (34% higher than the reference composite) along with minor improvements in tensile strength (6%), and flexural modulus (13%). SEM micrographs of the fractured surface of impact test samples were used to identify the mechanisms/reasons for the improved mechanical performance of the newly developed GFRPs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel epoxy‐based glass fiber reinforced composites containing compatibilized para‐aramid fibers and silanized nanoclay for improved impact strength

2021

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“…12 Some peaks were observed around 844 cm −1 , 790 cm −1 , and 700 cm −1 (for pristine as well as silanized clays) which corresponded to the Al–Al–OH and Al–Mg–OH bending vibrations. 17,50,51…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addition of compatibilized nanoclay to GFRCs for improved izod impact strength and tensile properties

Shelly

Nanda

Mehta

2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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This research examines the effect of nanoclay silanization/compatibilization on the izod impact strength and tensile properties of epoxy-clay-based glass fiber reinforced composites (GFRCs). As per the existing literature, a key step in silanization of clay is washing of the silanized clay with acetone to remove the excess of silane molecules. However, contrary to this, the present research shows that acetone washing of the silanized clay lowers the tensile properties. GFRCs containing 2 phr nanoclay were processed. Three different montmorillonite clays were used in the initial investigations (two organically modified nanoclays designated as “CA” and “IE” and one unmodified nanoclay designated as “PG”). Silane concentration was varied in the range of 100–400% as proportion of nanoclay loading (i.e. 1X, 2X, 3X, and 4X). Silanization was validated by FTIR. XRD/TEM revealed increased d-spacing for silanized nanoclay and a partially exfoliated clay morphology in GFRCs. Highest izod impact strength (37% higher than the reference GFRC) without any loss in tensile properties was observed for GFRC reinforced with acetone washed 2X silanized “PG” nanoclay. GFRCs reinforced with silanized unwashed nanoclay (3X) showed 27% improvement in izod impact strength with significantly improved tensile strength (16% higher than the reference sample).

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“…The differential scanning calorimetry of TA Q20 was used to investigate the thermal behavior of E-fibers and Dfibers under N 2 atmosphere, and the measurements were taken place from 40 to 170 C with heating speed of 10 C/min. The crystallinity of all samples could be gained by Equation (7).…”

Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers are a kind of high‐performance fibers with the highest specific strength and modulus in the world at present, which are prepared from polyethylene with molecular weight more than 1.5 million using gel‐spinning and hot‐drawing 1–3 . UHMWPE fibers are of great importance to mankind because of their increasing demand in fields ranging from civil materials to basic materials for military aviation depending on their simple structure, low density, outstanding tensile property, excellent wear resistance and other properties 4–8 . The methods for preparing UHMWPE fibers mainly include solid‐phase extrusion method, 9,10 surface crystal growth method, 11 plasticized melt‐spinning method 12,13 and gel‐spinning‐hot‐drawing method 14,15 and so forth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] UHMWPE fibers are of great importance to mankind because of their increasing demand in fields ranging from civil materials to basic materials for military aviation depending on their simple structure, low density, outstanding tensile property, excellent wear resistance and other properties. [4][5][6][7][8] The methods for preparing UHMWPE fibers mainly include solid-phase extrusion method, 9,10 surface crystal growth method, 11 plasticized melt-spinning method 12,13 and gelspinning-hot-drawing method 14,15 and so forth. But compared with other preparation methods, the gel-spinninghot-drawing method has many merits, such as excellent properties of prepared fibers, easy control of spinning process and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulating the dissolving system of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene to enhance the high‐strength and high‐modulus properties of resultant fibers

Wang

Song

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The molecular weight loss of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers is extremely serious in comparison with raw materials due to the high temperature and strong shearing during dissolving process. In this study, decalin was introduced as preswelling solvent and the dissolving system was regulated to improve the solubility of UHMWPE in paraffin oil without severe degradation so as to prepare UHMWPE fibers with high molecular weight retention and low entanglement. UHMWPE was preswelling in decalin with different content, the mass ratio of decalin to UHMWPE were 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1, 2.5:1, and 3:1. All UHMWPE fibers were prepared by gel‐spinning and hot‐drawing. UHMWPE fibers possess the highest molecular weight after preswelling of UHMWPE in decalin (with a mass ratio of 3:1 to UHMWPE, namely UPE/dec‐s‐3 sample). What's more, the entanglement of UHMWPE fibers gained from UPE/dec‐s‐3 sample has been observably diluted in comparation to that from UPE‐neat and other swollen samples. More importantly, the tensile strength and modulus of UHMWPE fibers obtained from UPE/dec‐s‐3 sample can reach 31.41 and 1446.26 cN/dtex, increased by 15.1% and 14.3% compared with UPE‐neat fibers, respectively. Besides, the thermal and crystallization behavior of UHMWPE fibers prepared from swollen UHMWPE have also been boosted.

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Addition of compatibilized nanoclay and UHMWPE fibers to epoxy based GFRPs for improved mechanical properties

Cited by 27 publications

References 46 publications

Novel epoxy‐based glass fiber reinforced composites containing compatibilized para‐aramid fibers and silanized nanoclay for improved impact strength

Novel epoxy‐based glass fiber reinforced composites containing compatibilized para‐aramid fibers and silanized nanoclay for improved impact strength

Addition of compatibilized nanoclay to GFRCs for improved izod impact strength and tensile properties

Regulating the dissolving system of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene to enhance the high‐strength and high‐modulus properties of resultant fibers

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