Adding variety to parent involvement activities

Redefining parent involvement in Head Start: a two‐generation approach

“…Gains in children's academic performance and positive school adjustment, as well as improved educational programs, have been identified as the main benefits of parental involvement in schools (Landerholm & Lowenthal, 1993). This research is in line with the legislative mandates that compel early childhood education programs to include parent involvement activities in their design.…”

Early Childhood Education in Japan and the United States: A Comparison of Regular Education (Kindergarten and Daycare Programs) and Special Education Programs∗

“…Current research supports providing a variety of types of parent involvement rather than only one way (Landerholm and Lowenthal, 1993;Olmsted, 1991;Berger, 1991;Comer and Haynes, 1991). Still, many schools only regard volunteering as legitimate "parent involvement".…”

“…Furthermore, these low income families had fewer resources and sources of support available to them. Landerholm and Lowenthal (1993), Landerholm and Karr (1988), found that support type activities such as food, family entertainment, child care, were important in building rapport and a first step in getting parents involved. Later volunteering and leadership activities could be introduced.…”

“…These programs emphasize the development of support systems for families rather than focusing 36 E. LANDERHOLM only on educating the parent to teach the child. (Landerholm and Karr, 1988;Landerholm and Lowenthal, 1993;Cochran and Dean, 1991;Powell, 1991).…”

Juuret ja siivet – sosiaalipedagoginen orientaatio varhaiskasvatuksessa

“…Aikuisten arjen tapahtumat välittyvät aina enemmän tai vähemmän suoraan lapsen tasolle ja siis kaikilta osin koskettavat lasta. (Landerholm & Lowenthal 1993;Rogoff 1990;Bronfenbrenner 1979. ) Oppiminen nähdään oppijan aktiivisena, konstruktiivisena, kumulatiivisena ja päämääräsuuntautuneena prosessina, jossa korostuu itsenäinen ongelmanratkaisu.…”