Adding Aluminum Hydroxide to Plant Fibers Using In Situ Precipitation to Improve Heat Resistance

Abstract

Plant fiber is an environmentally friendly, renewable natural resource. It has several excellent properties such as a low density and high softness. These properties make it an especially good raw material for applications such as paper and construction. However, plant fiber has poor resistance to heat, which limits its application in high temperature conditions. Adding aluminum sulfate solution to plant fiber first, and then adding sodium hydroxide solution enables aluminum hydroxide to be distributed uniformly on the surface and interior of a plant fiber. This modification improves the thermo-stability of the plant fiber. Furthermore, compared with the traditional way of filling, using the fiber added aluminum hydroxide by in situ precipitation to make paper, the strength properties of the paper decreased slightly. By combining in situ precipitation with filling, more aluminum hydroxide could be added to the paper while still maintaining good paper strength and better heat resistance.

Addition of Al(OH)3 versus AlO(OH) nanoparticles on the optical, thermo-mechanical and heat/oxygen transmission properties of microfibrillated cellulose films

“…The inflection point of both nanocomposite films occurred at around 330°C, given a weight loss of around 60% in the case of MFC-ATH40, and around 40% for MFC-AMH20 films, while, for the pure MFC sample, this temperature was at around 350°C with * 59% of weight loss. The addition of ATH/AMH nanoparticles also had a noticeable effect on the amount of residue after thermal decomposition, which increased from * 1.8% for pure MFC film to around 10% already with 0.09 wt% addition of ATH40 and AMH20, and further, to even * 20-23% for films containing the highest (0.15 wt%) NP concentrations, which is comparable with the other cellulose based materials containing different ATH nanoparticles (Gorgieva et al 2020;Zhang et al 2017;Yang et al 2017). The higher residue amount means that the ATH/AMH nanoparticles had suppressed the film' degradation successfully with the dilution of radicals in flame, while the residue of alumina formed the protective layer (Hull et al 2011).…”

Addition of Al(OH)3 vs. AlO(OH) nanoparticles on the optical, thermo-mechanical and heat/oxygen transmission properties of microfibrillated cellulose films

“…The in ection point of both nanocomposite lms occurred at around 330°C, given a weight loss of around 60% in the case of MFC-ATH40w, and around 40% for MFC-ATH20p lms, while, for the pure MFC sample, this temperature was at around 350°C with 59% of weight loss. The addition of ATH nanoparticles also had a noticeable effect on the amount of residue after thermal decomposition, which increased from ∼1.8% for pure MFC lm to around 10% already with 30 w/w% addition of ATH40w and ATH20p, and further, to even ∼20-23% for lms containing the highest (50 w/w%) ATH concentrations, which is comparable with the other cellulose based materials containing different ATH nanoparticles (Gorgieva et al 2020;Zhang et al 2017;Yang et al 2017). The higher residue amount means that the ATH nanoparticles had suppressed the lm' degradation successfully with the dilution of radicals in ame, while the residue of alumina formed the protective layer (Hull et al 2011).…”

Image Analysis of Heat-Affected Zone of Laser-Cut Heat-Resistant Paper using Otsu Thresholding Technique

“…One of them was a placement of AH on the surfaces and inside walls of fibers. By implementing the method, AH was successfully distributed evenly on the inside and surfaces [24]. During exposure to high temperatures, AH starts to decompose while absorbing heat sourced from the radiant energy of the laser and eliminating water.…”

“…This mechanism leads to the improvement of the thermal properties of the modified fibers and paper. Based on the Yang, F. et al study [24], the paper samples modified with AH content succeeded in resisting the heat by determining its thermal properties using the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). However, their study did not link with the application of laser irradiation process or discussed any thermal process [16].…”

“…It is also time-consuming to perform a manual threshold for analyzing many images. Therefore, the most crucial part of binarization is identifying the best threshold algorithms and comparing them with a least-biased comparison [23] [24].…”