Added value of the measles-rubella supplementary immunization activity in reaching unvaccinated and under-vaccinated children, a cross-sectional study in five Indian districts, 2018–20

Prosperi, Christine; Thangaraj, Jeromie Wesley Vivian; Hasan, Alvira Z.; Kumar, Muthusamy Santhosh; Truelove, Shaun; Kumar, V.; Winter, Amy; Bansal, Avi Kumar; Chauhan, Sanjay; Grover, Gangandeep Singh; Jain, Arun Kumar; Kulkarni, Ragini; Sharma, S.; Soman, B.; Chaaithanya, Itta K; Kharwal, S.; Mishra, Sunil K; Salvi, Neha; Sharma, N.P.; Varghese, A.; Sabarinathan, R.; Duraiswamy, Augustine; Rani, D.S.; Kanagasabai, K.; Lachyan, Abhishek; Gawali, Poonam; Kapoor, Mitali; Chonker, Saurabh Kumar; Cutts, Felicity; Sangal, Lucky; Mehendale, Sanjay; Sapkal, Gajanan; Gupta, Nivedita; Hayford, Kyla; Moss, William J.; Murhekar, Manoj

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.11.010

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…All SIAs in these districts were conducted in the later phases of the campaign. Prior publications presented measles and rubella seroprevalence, vaccination coverage, and correlations between routine and campaign coverage [15,16]. In this paper we focus on the data related to the MR campaign from the post-campaign serosurveys, including estimating MR campaign vaccination coverage, identifying factors associated with receipt of the campaign dose and reported reasons for non-receipt of the campaign dose, and explored the effectiveness of the communication strategy in promoting campaign awareness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-campaign coverage evaluation of a measles and rubella supplementary immunization activity in five districts in India, 2019–2020

Thangaraj,

Prosperi,

Kumar

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background In alignment with the Measles and Rubella (MR) Strategic Elimination plan, India conducted a mass measles and rubella vaccination campaign across the country between 2017 and 2020 to provide a dose of MR containing vaccine to all children aged 9 months to 15 years. We estimated campaign vaccination coverage in five districts in India and assessed campaign awareness and factors associated with vaccination during the campaign to better understand reasons for not receiving the dose. Methods and findings Community-based cross-sectional serosurveys were conducted in five districts of India among children aged 9 months to 15 years after the vaccination campaign. Campaign coverage was estimated based on home-based immunization record or caregiver recall. Campaign coverage was stratified by child- and household-level risk factors and descriptive analyses were performed to assess reasons for not receiving the campaign dose. Three thousand three hundred and fifty-seven children aged 9 months to 15 years at the time of the campaign were enrolled. Campaign coverage among children aged 9 months to 5 years documented or by recall ranged from 74.2% in Kanpur Nagar District to 90.4% in Dibrugarh District, Assam. Similar coverage was observed for older children. Caregiver awareness of the campaign varied from 88.3% in Hoshiarpur District, Punjab to 97.6% in Dibrugarh District, Assam, although 8% of children whose caregivers were aware of the campaign were not vaccinated during the campaign. Failure to receive the campaign dose was associated with urban settings, low maternal education, and lack of school attendance although the associations varied by district. Conclusion Awareness of the MR vaccination campaign was high; however, campaign coverage varied by district and did not reach the elimination target of 95% coverage in any of the districts studied. Areas with lower coverage among younger children must be prioritized by strengthening the routine immunization programme and implementing strategies to identify and reach under-vaccinated children.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-campaign coverage evaluation of a measles and rubella supplementary immunization activity in five districts in India, 2019–2020

Thangaraj,

Prosperi,

Kumar

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Developing a roadmap to reach and sustain 90% full immunization coverage through a cross-sectoral system strengthening strategy in Bihar, India

Ratna,

Singh,

Sinha

et al. 2024

BMC Health Serv Res

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Introduction Reducing childhood mortality by curtailing the incidence of vaccine preventable diseases is contingent upon a robust and high-performing routine immunization system. According to the available data, the full immunization coverage (FIC) in the state of Bihar (India) has reached ~ 71%. While the government aspires to reach 90% FIC, a systematic evidence-based investigation of the reasons behind underimmunization as well as the identification of drivers and enablers to reach and sustain 90% FIC is critical. This study aimed to review the factors leading to underimmunized children in the state of Bihar and develop a forward-looking roadmap to reach and sustain 90% FIC by adopting a system strengthening approach. Method We conducted a desk review, followed by extensive stakeholder interviews and field visits to document and analyze the data and evidence relevant to routine immunization system performance in the state of Bihar. The stakeholders included the State Immunization Officer, District Immunization Officers, Block-level health officials, representatives from development agencies, healthcare workers, and caregivers. A total of eighty-six structured interviews were conducted, which included qualitative and quantitative parameters. Result While positive results were observed from the assessment of Bihar’s immunization system, the implementation of targeted strategies for supply, service delivery and demand can provide a means to achieve FIC of 90%. The roadmap developed by the Government of Bihar enlists 40 + interventions across key thematic areas and has been prioritized over a 5-year time horizon as short, medium, and long-term milestones to achieve 90% FIC. These interventions include strengthening the data availability and quality, improving the governance and review mechanism, augmenting the capacity of health workers involve with immunization programme, and initiatives to increase demand for immunization services. Conclusion The Bihar’s Immunization Roadmap development project work follows a methodical approach to assess and identify intervention to improve immunization coverage and can provide information and reference to other states and countries that are aiming to formulate similar action plans.

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Added value of the measles-rubella supplementary immunization activity in reaching unvaccinated and under-vaccinated children, a cross-sectional study in five Indian districts, 2018–20

Cited by 2 publications

References 31 publications

Post-campaign coverage evaluation of a measles and rubella supplementary immunization activity in five districts in India, 2019–2020

Post-campaign coverage evaluation of a measles and rubella supplementary immunization activity in five districts in India, 2019–2020

Developing a roadmap to reach and sustain 90% full immunization coverage through a cross-sectoral system strengthening strategy in Bihar, India

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