Added resolution among ordinal level relationships of tapeworms (Platyhelminthes: Cestoda) with complete small and large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA genes

Waeschenbach, Andrea; Webster, Bonnie L.; Bray, Rodney A.; Littlewood, D. Timothy J.

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.03.019

Cited by 172 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…It would be fair to say that 18S and 28S rRNA genes provide the bedrock of molecular systematics for the parasitic platyhelminths, having been used extensively for revealing interrelationships within and between families and across the phylum (see Table I). Most recent evidence (Lockyer et al, 2003;Waeschenbach et al, 2007) confirms that a combination of complete 18S and 28S rDNA provides added resolution where the more popular complete 18S alone, or the D1-D3 variable regions of 28S alone (or these 18S and 28S fragments in combination), fail to provide stability across the tree, particularly amongst the deeper nodes (Olson & Caira, 1999;Olson & Littlewood, 2002;Olson et al, 2003). Faster rates of evolution and higher variability in the ITSs and IGSs has provided diagnostic markers for species (Blair, 2006), although as might be expected these have been tested mostly on parasites of medical or economic importance.…”

Section: Molecular Markers -Nucleotides and Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Platyhelminth systematics and the emergence of new characters

Littlewood

2008

Parasite

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Summary :Since the inclusion of molecular data in modern phylogenetic analyses, significant progress in resolving the origins and radiation of flatworms has been made, although some key problems remain. Here I review developments in the supply and use of systematic characters that provide the basis for diagnosis and phylogeny reconstruction, that in turn have driven systematic revisions and the interpretation of broader evolutionary patterns and processes; focus is placed on the parasitic taxa. Although useful tools have been refined to the point of becoming established systematic markers of broad utility, attention to the need for denser gene and taxon sampling is addressed in the light of unresolved questions and current trends in molecular systematics, from nucleotide to genome. Tradition and the nature of available comparative information tends to dictate the choice of systematic markers, but faced with incongruent phylogenies, the emergence of new technologies and the need for rapid species diagnosis, there is a pressing need to assess and standardize our choice of tools so they are fit for purpose, available to all and used widely. I present a brief review of existing and potential sources of phylogenetic characters and discuss their likely value in the context of the systematics and diagnostics of parasitic flatworms.

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Section: Molecular Markers -Nucleotides and Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Platyhelminth systematics and the emergence of new characters

Littlewood

2008

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“…During the last half-century, ultrastructural descriptions of spermatozoa were used as valuable tools for phylogenetic inference in the flatworms (Platyhelminthes), particularly in the tapeworms (Eucestoda) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10], but also in the Monogenea [4,11]. Considering digeneans, the increase of this kind of studies has motivated the analysis of spermiological data, particularly those related to the mature spermatozoon, in order to establish different types of spermatozoa according to their ultrastructural organization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural characters of the spermatozoon of the digenean Hypocreadium caputvadum Kacem et al., 2011 (Lepocreadioidea: Lepocreadiidae), an intestinal parasite of Balistes capriscus in Tunisia

Kacem¹,

Bakhoum

Eira

et al. 2012

Comptes Rendus. Biologies

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“…In recent years, several molecular tools including sequence data related to conserved domains have unveiled their utility in molecular identification, taxonomy, systematics and phylogeny of floral, faunal and microbial species, too (Huang et al 2006;Prasad et al 2009a, b;Wiemers et al 2009;Yao et al 2010;Sharma et al 2012). Since Woese and Fox (1977), the nuclear ribosomal repeat cistrons have also been widely implied for parasites (Littlewood and Olson 2001;Waeschenbach et al 2007;Jyrwa et al 2009;Goswami et al 2009;Tandon et al 2010;Prasad et al 2011;Ghatani et al 2012). Molecular phylogeny has advanced our understanding of comparative studies in basic and applied biology and more generally of their position within the phylum Platyhelminthes (Brooks and Hoberg 2001;Tandon et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of the Indian poultry nodular tapeworm, Raillietina echinobothrida (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea: Davaineidae) based on rDNA internal transcribed spacer 2 region

et al. 2012

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The nodular tapeworm, Raillietina echinobothrida is a well studied avian gastrointestinal parasite of family Davaineidae (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea). It is reported to be the largest in size and second most prevalent species infecting chicken in north-east India. In the present study, morphometrical methods coupled with the molecular analysis of the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) region of ribosomal DNA were employed for precise identification of the parasite. The annotated ITS2 region was found to be 446 bp long and further utilized to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships and its species-interrelationships at the molecular level. In phylogenetic analysis similar topology was observed among the trees obtained by distance-based neighbor-joining as well as character-based maximum parsimony tree building methods. The query sequence R. echinobothrida is well aligned and placed within the Davaineidae group, with all Raillietina species well separated from the other cyclophyllidean (taeniid and hymenolepid) cestodes, while Diphyllobothrium latum (Pseudophyllidea: Diphyllobothriidae) was rooted as an out-group. Sequence similarities indeed confirmed our hypothesis that Raillietina spp. are neighboring the position with other studied species of order Cyclophyllidea against the out-group order Pseudophyllidea. The present study strengthens the potential of ITS2 as a reliable marker for phylogenetic reconstructions.

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Added resolution among ordinal level relationships of tapeworms (Platyhelminthes: Cestoda) with complete small and large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA genes

Cited by 172 publications

References 55 publications

Platyhelminth systematics and the emergence of new characters

Platyhelminth systematics and the emergence of new characters

Ultrastructural characters of the spermatozoon of the digenean Hypocreadium caputvadum Kacem et al., 2011 (Lepocreadioidea: Lepocreadiidae), an intestinal parasite of Balistes capriscus in Tunisia

Molecular characterization of the Indian poultry nodular tapeworm, Raillietina echinobothrida (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea: Davaineidae) based on rDNA internal transcribed spacer 2 region

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