Adaptive water-air-water data information transfer using orbital angular momentum

Wang, Andong; Zhu, Long; Zhao, Yifan; Li, Shuhui; Lv, Weichao; Xu, Jing; Wang, Jian

doi:10.1364/oe.26.008669

Cited by 60 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Tracking the beam has not been only restricted to FSO but was also used in underwater communication. When establishing the water-air-water communication link, Wang et al were able to maintain an aligned optical path by tracking the beam displacement caused by a change of the water level [139]. While establishing the NLoS underwater communication link that is based on the total internal reflection enabled by the air-water interface, Zhao et al also maintained the alignment of the optical path by tracking the beam displacement caused by tide and surface waves, using two feedback loops [140].…”

Section: Beam Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communicating Using Spatial Mode Multiplexing: Potentials, Challenges, and Perspectives

Trichili

Park

Zghal

et al. 2019

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

184

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Time, polarization, and wavelength multiplexing schemes have been used to satisfy the growing need of transmission capacity. Using space as a new dimension for communication systems has been recently suggested as a versatile technique to address future bandwidth issues. We review the potentials of harnessing the space as an additional degree of freedom for communication applications including free space optics, optical fiber installation, underwater wireless optical links, on-chip interconnects, data center indoor connections, radio frequency and acoustic communications. We focus on the orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes and equally identify the challenges related to each of the applications of spatial modes and the particular OAM modes in communication. We further discuss the perspectives of this emerging technology. Finally, we provide the open research directions and we discuss the practical deployment of OAM communication links for different applications. ). 4 in the future. We also summarize the open problems and the future research directions. A discussion of the practicability and cost of multi-OAM communication is also included. II. OAM POTENTIALS A. Free Space Optical CommunicationFSO is a license free wireless communication configuration that has recently received much interest for a variety of applications. FSO is an attractive solution for last mile connectivity problems, particularly for communication networks, when the installation of fiber optics is costly or not possible [66]. FSO can be also used to establish inter-building secure communication, and can be deployed as a backup to optical fibers. Wireless optical communication can guarantee a line-of-sight (LoS) high bit rate wireless transmission over long distances, up to several kilometers. Furthermore, FSO communication is considered as a promising technique to scale down bandwidth challenges in future 5G networks [67].Multiple wavelength FSO provides better transmission, as demonstrated in [68], [69]. Data can be mapped on advanced modulation formats to achieve high bit rates and high spectral efficiency levels [70]- [72]. Another option is multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) FSO communication in which multiple lasers are positioned to transmit Gaussian beams to multiple receiving apertures [73]. Over the last few years, it has been proven that it is possible to transmit information over spatially structured light beams [21], [74], [75] including OAM beams and plane waves. Our focus is on the OAM modes of light.The first PoC communication experiment incorporating OAMs in free space was carried out in 2004 by Gibson and co-workers [21]. Over a 15-meter long link, 8 -spaced values were chosen along the Gaussian beam as an alphabet for the communication. OAM beams were generated and detected using two light modulators. Since then, much progress has been made and free space transmission capacity of over 1 Tbit/s is, today, possible [76]- [78]. By performing three dimensional multiplexing, Huang and co-workers were able to attain a 100 Tbi...

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Section: Beam Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communicating Using Spatial Mode Multiplexing: Potentials, Challenges, and Perspectives

Trichili

Park

Zghal

et al. 2019

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

184

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Beyond fiber‐optic communications, different mode bases have also seen their applications in versatile scenarios, for example, free‐space and underwater optical communications. [ 17,38–41 ] At the receiver, the intelligent recognition of mode bases is also very important to choose the right mode demultiplexer (MDM applications) or detect the data information encoded by mode bases (encoding/decoding applications). In this scenario, a laudable goal would be to find an intelligent approach to recognizing diverse spatial mode bases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Learning Based Recognition of Different Mode Bases in Ring‐Core Fiber

Wang

Ruan

Wang

et al. 2020

Laser & Photonics Reviews

Self Cite

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In fiber-optic communications using diverse spatial modes for sustainable capacity scaling, the intelligent recognition of different mode bases is of great importance to enhance the flexiblity and compatibility of mode management. Here a convolutional neural network (CNN) model is introduced to recognize the four mode bases with the azimuthal index = 5, namely the LP 5,1 mode group, the linearly and circularly polarized OAM ±5,1 mode group, and the vector EH 4,1 or HE 6,1 mode group in a ring-core fiber. A camera is first used to capture intensity profiles of mode bases as training and testing data sets of the neural network. The CNN-based deep learning successfully recognizes different mode bases with an overall recognition rate of close to 100%. Furthermore, an alternative compact and cost-effective approach is considered toward practical applications by replacing the camera with a photodetector (PD) array for intelligent mode bases recognition. A 1 × 5 PD array can perfectly recognize different mode bases with a recognition rate of close to 100%. Even a 1 × 2 PD array with only two PDs can obtain a high recognition rate of close to 93.3%. The demonstrations may open up new perspectives for deep learning enabled robust and intelligent optical communications exploiting spatial modes.

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“…To improve the transmission capacity, the mode-division multiplexing (MDM) with orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes, one subset of SDM, has gained increasing interest [14][15][16][17][18][19]. Recently, OAM has been introduced into underwater wireless optical communications [20][21][22][23][24] with impressive performance. OAM mode set is an option for MDM for the potentiality to accommodate infinite states with orthogonality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Auto-Align ment Underwater Wireless Optical Communications Employing Orbital Angular Momentum Modes

Cai

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Underwater wireless communication plays an increasingly important role in more and more emerging ocean and sea activities. Traditional underwater acoustic communication is limited by low transmission capacity (tens of Kbit/s). Underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) provides high bandwidth (GHz). Yet the challenge is not only its continuous capacity scaling, but its resistance to environment disturbance, which is an intrinsic weakness of wireless optical communications with high directivity. Here, we propose and demonstrate fast auto-alignment underwater wireless optical communications employing orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes. The OAM multiplexing, an alternative approach of space-division multiplexing, enables capacity scaling. The fast auto-alignment system, having two stages for thorough alignment, facilitates stable and reliable communication link against vibration. Two OAM modes multiplexing transmission link with 4-Gbit/s aggregate capacity is demonstrated in the experiment under four different vibration conditions assisted by the fast auto-alignment system with a response time of 244 Hz. The demonstrations may open up new perspective to robust stable underwater wireless optical communications exploiting spatial modes in practical environment.

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Adaptive water-air-water data information transfer using orbital angular momentum

Cited by 60 publications

References 36 publications

Communicating Using Spatial Mode Multiplexing: Potentials, Challenges, and Perspectives

Communicating Using Spatial Mode Multiplexing: Potentials, Challenges, and Perspectives

Deep Learning Based Recognition of Different Mode Bases in Ring‐Core Fiber

Fast Auto-Align ment Underwater Wireless Optical Communications Employing Orbital Angular Momentum Modes

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