“…Furthermore, [164] has proposed an SMC for cart position, hoisting, and sway control. Since this control law depends on the payload mass and friction factors, adaptation laws are developed to estimate these parameters [164] or to tune the control gains [266,103]. In addition to the first-order SMCs, other variants of the SMCs have also been developed for the OCs such as super-twisting SMC [260,263] leading to continuous structures.…”