Adaptive Temporal Integration of Motion in Direction-Selective Neurons in Macaque Visual Cortex

Bair, Wyeth; Movshon, J. Anthony

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0554-04.2004

Cited by 122 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…However, 20 -50 ms later, it is the same-direction surround motion that increases the likelihood of making an incorrect response. This temporal profile is reminiscent of the response of biphasic MT neurons (Bair and Movshon, 2004;Perge et al, 2005), which are best activated by an antipreferred direction, followed by a preferred direction 40 ms later.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Fine Temporal Properties of Center–Surround Interactions in Motion Revealed by Reverse Correlation

2006

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Center-surround interactions are a key property of visual motion mechanisms. Using a temporal reverse correlation method with human observers, we investigated perceptual interactions between a brief center motion (ϳ20 ms) and a surround that moved up-down with a new direction chosen randomly every 5 ms. The aim was to reveal interactions between center and surround motions and their dependency on relative direction, contrast, and timing. Hypothesizing that surround computation involves different neural circuitry than the center response, we manipulated surround contrast to affect the relative timing of center and surround signals. The reverse correlation analysis yielded temporal profiles of surround influence indicating, in 5 ms steps, the time course of the effect of the surround on the discriminability of center motion. The resulting temporal profiles varied systematically with contrast: as surround contrast decreased, both the latency and duration of its influence increased. This finding, consistent with longer and variable neural response latencies at low contrast, psychophysically reveals fine-scale temporal interactions between center and surround signals. Additionally, the strength of surround influence was correlated with psychophysical thresholds for discriminating center motion. The directionality of this relationship, however, depended only on center contrast. When center motion was high contrast, poor direction discrimination was associated with an increased probability of same-direction surround motions. Low-contrast center motion, however, was more discriminable when surrounded by motion in the same direction, regardless of surround contrast. This suggests that the previously reported adaptive nature of center-surround interactions in motion is driven primarily by the visibility of the center motion signals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Fine Temporal Properties of Center–Surround Interactions in Motion Revealed by Reverse Correlation

2006

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“…Such remarkable selectivity to a single frame is an indication of nearly instantaneous, or time independent, responses. But other neurons in early visual areas, for example direction selective neurons in V1 and MT, necessarily accumulate information over temporal scales from 20 to 80 ms up to 200 -400 for slow moving stimuli (Bair and Movshon, 2004). Differentiating between those time scales was not possible in our experiments; detailed characterization of the very fast spatiotemporal response properties of individual neurons in early visual cortex would require methods with better spatial as well as temporal resolutions (e.g., single-unit electrophysiology).…”

Section: Short Temporal Scale Of Processing In Early Visual Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hierarchy of Temporal Receptive Windows in Human Cortex

et al. 2008

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Real-world events unfold at different time scales and, therefore, cognitive and neuronal processes must likewise occur at different time scales. We present a novel procedure that identifies brain regions responsive to sensory information accumulated over different time scales. We measured functional magnetic resonance imaging activity while observers viewed silent films presented forward, backward, or piecewise-scrambled in time. Early visual areas (e.g., primary visual cortex and the motion-sensitive area MTϩ) exhibited high response reliability regardless of disruptions in temporal structure. In contrast, the reliability of responses in several higher brain areas, including the superior temporal sulcus (STS), precuneus, posterior lateral sulcus (LS), temporal parietal junction (TPJ), and frontal eye field (FEF), was affected by information accumulated over longer time scales. These regions showed highly reproducible responses for repeated forward, but not for backward or piecewise-scrambled presentations. Moreover, these regions exhibited marked differences in temporal characteristics, with LS, TPJ, and FEF responses depending on information accumulated over longer durations (ϳ36 s) than STS and precuneus (ϳ12 s). We conclude that, similar to the known cortical hierarchy of spatial receptive fields, there is a hierarchy of progressively longer temporal receptive windows in the human brain.

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“…One striking demonstration of the dynamism of visual neuronal properties can be seen in the work of Bair and Movshon (2004) on direction-selective (DS) neurons in V1 and motion area MT/V5 of the macaque monkey. Such neurons have been modelled extensively as linear filters which are oriented in spacetime to give directional sensitivity, and in such models RFs are taken to be stable.…”

Section: The Dynamic Rfmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Embedded Neuron, the Enactive Field?

Chirimuuta

Gold

2009

The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Neuroscience

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The concept of the receptive field, first articulated by Hartline, is central to visual neuroscience. The receptive field of a neuron encompasses the spatial and temporal properties of stimuli that activate the neuron, and, as Hubel and Wiesel conceived of it, a neuron's receptive field is static. This makes it possible to build models of neural circuits and to build up more complex receptive fields out of simpler ones. Recent work in visual neurophysiology is providing evidence that the classical receptive field is an inaccurate picture. The receptive field seems to be a dynamic feature of the neuron. In particular, the receptive field of neurons in V1 seems to be dependent on the properties of the stimulus. In this paper, we review the history of the concept of the receptive field and the problematic data. We then consider a number of possible theoretical responses to these data.

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Adaptive Temporal Integration of Motion in Direction-Selective Neurons in Macaque Visual Cortex

Cited by 122 publications

References 91 publications

Fine Temporal Properties of Center–Surround Interactions in Motion Revealed by Reverse Correlation

Fine Temporal Properties of Center–Surround Interactions in Motion Revealed by Reverse Correlation

A Hierarchy of Temporal Receptive Windows in Human Cortex

The Embedded Neuron, the Enactive Field?

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