This paper addresses a unified mathematical expression describing a class of chaotic systems, for which the problem of synchronization and antisynchronization between different chaotic systems with fully uncertain parameters and different structure are studied. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory, a novel, simple, and systemic adaptive synchronization controller is designated, the analytic expression of the controller and the adaptive laws of parameters are developed. Moreover, the proposed scheme can be extended to anti-synchronize a class of chaotic systems. Two chaotic systems with different structure and fully uncertain parameters are employed as the examples to show the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive synchronization and anti-synchronization schemes. Additionally, the robustness and noise immunity of