Adaptive solutions for distance relay settings

Sarwade, A. N.; Katti, P. K.; Ghodekar, J. G.

doi:10.1109/ipecon.2010.5697046

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Probably, this misunderstanding is related to the explanations found in some books [7,[10][11][12] and papers [13,16], which were written by well-known authors in the field of protective relaying. There are many papers [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] that repeat this assumption, without any warning about the conditions for its validity. In general, the references of the first group [7,[10][11][12][13]16] are excellent for learning/teaching about distance relays, and the second group of references [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] shows interesting advances in the research about protective relaying, but these references are feeding the misunderstanding related to this article.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the effect of pre-fault load flow on the effect of fault resistance on the impedance seen by the traditional ground distance function

Sorrentino

2014

Int. Trans. Electr. Energ. Syst.

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Summary This article describes the effect of pre‐fault load flow on the effect of fault resistance on the impedance seen by the traditional ground distance function (i.e., with the traditional use of the residual compensation factor, K0). The fault resistance is seen by this distance function as an additional apparent impedance (AAI), whose Tilt (T) in the R–X plane is not constant. There is a widespread misunderstanding about this subject because several documents indicate that the sign of T is directly determined by the sign of the pre‐fault active power, which is not always true. This article clarifies this point by including detailed explanations, which were not available in the literature. First, an analytical deduction shows that the locus of the AAI is a circle, for a given pre‐fault load flow and for a given fault location. Subsequently, diverse loci are numerically computed for a power system taken as an example, in order to show that the sign of T can change, when the fault resistance increases. For a given pre‐fault load flow, the sign of T could change for relatively low values of fault resistance because the effect of fault resistance is amplified on the AAI due to the current from the remote line end. The proper knowledge of the loci of these apparent impedances is important for the setting of distance relays and for some possible applications of the concept of adaptive protection. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the effect of pre-fault load flow on the effect of fault resistance on the impedance seen by the traditional ground distance function

Sorrentino

2014

Int. Trans. Electr. Energ. Syst.

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“…However better setting or protection of transmission line can be improved by using modified distance relay characteristics [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Adaptive Technique for Enhancement of Zone-2 Settings of Distance Relay

Sarwade¹,

Katti²,

Ghodekar³

2012

EPE

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This paper presents a technique that increases the second-zone coverage of distance relays without causing overreach problems. The technique is based on the impedance seen by distance relays when faults are simulated on the reach of zone-1 relays. The approach checks the relay operation for the maximum as well as the minimum generation outputs of the power system. The proposed technique can be used for different reach setting for zone-1. Results show that it is possible to increase the coverage provided by zone-2 distance relays without causing coordination problems with the primary relays that protect the lines emanating from the remote bus. The proposed method is modified for use in an adaptive protection system. It is shown that further improvements can be achieved when settings are calculated using the proposed method and the prevailing system conditions. The proposed method and its adaptive version were applied to a part of the Power system. The simulation of the system is done by using PSCAD-EMTDC software. The simulated results are observed and compared with the conventional and proposed technique

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