Adaptive Radiation from a Chromosomal Perspective: Evidence of Chromosome Set Stability in Cichlid Fishes (Cichlidae: Teleostei) from the Barombi Mbo Lake, Cameroon

Majtánová, Zuzana; Indermaur, Adrian; Nyom, Arnold R. Bitja; Ráb, Petr; Musilová, Zuzana

doi:10.3390/ijms20204994

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(144 reference statements)

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“…Such uniform stasis has been discovered in groups as diverse as plants [106][107][108], amphibians [109,110] and birds [111]. Among teleost fishes, multiple groups display such apparent karyotype stasis persisting in significantly long stages of lineage divergences, e.g., pikes of the genus Esox [112,113], fishes of the family Leuciscidae ( [88,[114][115][116][117] and references therein), Gobionidae [34], Xenocyprinidae [118] and especially many percomorph groups [119][120][121][122][123][124]. The underlying evolutionary mechanisms for this mode of karyotype (non) differentiation have not been identified so far but they may be at least partially linked with the functional arrangement of chromatin within the interphase nucleus and the degree of tolerance to its change [125,126].…”

Section: Cytotaxonomy and Diversity Of Eurasian Troutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present and Future Salmonid Cytogenetics

Gaffaroğlu

Majtánová

Symonová

et al. 2020

Genes

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Salmonids are extremely important economically and scientifically; therefore, dynamic developments in their research have occurred and will continue occurring in the future. At the same time, their complex phylogeny and taxonomy are challenging for traditional approaches in research. Here, we first provide discoveries regarding the hitherto completely unknown cytogenetic characteristics of the Anatolian endemic flathead trout, Salmo platycephalus, and summarize the presently known, albeit highly complicated, situation in the genus Salmo. Secondly, by outlining future directions of salmonid cytogenomics, we have produced a prototypical virtual karyotype of Salmo trutta, the closest relative of S. platycephalus. This production is now possible thanks to the high-quality genome assembled to the chromosome level in S. trutta via soft-masking, including a direct labelling of repetitive sequences along the chromosome sequence. Repetitive sequences were crucial for traditional fish cytogenetics and hence should also be utilized in fish cytogenomics. As such virtual karyotypes become increasingly available in the very near future, it is necessary to integrate both present and future approaches to maximize their respective benefits. Finally, we show how the presumably repetitive sequences in salmonids can change the understanding of the overall relationship between genome size and G+C content, creating another outstanding question in salmonid cytogenomics waiting to be resolved.

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Section: Cytotaxonomy and Diversity Of Eurasian Troutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present and Future Salmonid Cytogenetics

Gaffaroğlu

Majtánová

Symonová

et al. 2020

Genes

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“…The typical cichlid diploid chromosomal number is (2n = 44) 82 . Karyotypic data is not available for most species of the Tropheini , but we predict at least two fusions in this clade.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turnover of sex chromosomes in the Lake Tanganyika cichlid tribe Tropheini (Teleostei: Cichlidae)

Behrens,

Zimmermann,

Blažek

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Sex chromosome replacement is frequent in many vertebrate clades, including fish, frogs, and lizards. In order to understand the mechanisms responsible for sex chromosome turnover and the early stages of sex chromosome divergence, it is necessary to study lineages with recently evolved sex chromosomes. Here we examine sex chromosome evolution in a group of African cichlid fishes (tribe Tropheini) which began to diverge from one another less than 4 MYA. We have evidence for a previously unknown sex chromosome system, and preliminary indications of several additional systems not previously reported in this group. We find a high frequency of sex chromosome turnover and estimate a minimum of 14 turnovers in this tribe. We date the origin of the most common sex determining system in this tribe (XY-LG5/19) near the base of one of two major sub-clades of this tribe, about 3.4 MY ago. Finally, we observe variation in the size of one sex-determining region that suggests independent evolution of evolutionary strata in species with a shared sex-determination system. Our results illuminate the rapid rate of sex chromosome turnover in the tribe Tropheini and set the stage for further studies of the dynamics of sex chromosome evolution in this group.

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“…Then, the cells were stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (RiboBio, Guangzhou, China). Images were then acquired by laser scanning confocal microscopy (TCS SP8, LEICA, Germany) [ 16 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Long Noncoding RNA Gm9866/Nuclear Factor-κB Axis Promotes Macrophage Polarization

Liao

Ruan

Chen

et al. 2023

Mediators of Inflammation

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Macrophages are a type of immune cells with high levels of plasticity and heterogeneity. They can polarize into M1 or M2 functional phenotypes. These two phenotypes exhibit a dynamic balance during polarization-related diseases and play opposing roles. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in biological processes such as cell proliferation, death, and differentiation; however, how long noncoding RNAs affect the cellular functionality of macrophages remains to be studied. Long noncoding RNA Gm9866 was found to be closely related to macrophage polarization through bioinformatics analysis. In this study, by conducting real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, it was observed that long noncoding RNA Gm9866 expression significantly increased after treatment with interleukin-4 but significantly decreased after treatment with lipopolysaccharide. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that long noncoding RNA Gm9866 was expressed mainly in the nucleus. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that overexpression of long noncoding RNA Gm9866 in RAW264.7 cells further promoted the expression of M2 markers MRC1 (macrophage mannose receptor 1) and MRC2 (macrophage mannose receptor 2). Western blotting analysis demonstrated inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression. EdU (5-ethynyl-2 ′ -deoxyuridine) and TUNEL (TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling) staining assays revealed that overexpression of long noncoding RNA Gm9866 promoted cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. These findings thus indicated that long noncoding RNA Gm9866 promoted macrophage polarization and inhibited the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway. Thus, long noncoding RNA Gm9866 may serve as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for polarization-related diseases such as infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases, liver fibrosis, and tumors.

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Adaptive Radiation from a Chromosomal Perspective: Evidence of Chromosome Set Stability in Cichlid Fishes (Cichlidae: Teleostei) from the Barombi Mbo Lake, Cameroon

Cited by 4 publications

References 85 publications

Present and Future Salmonid Cytogenetics

Present and Future Salmonid Cytogenetics

Turnover of sex chromosomes in the Lake Tanganyika cichlid tribe Tropheini (Teleostei: Cichlidae)

The Long Noncoding RNA Gm9866/Nuclear Factor-κB Axis Promotes Macrophage Polarization

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