Adaptive Pulvinar Circuitry Supports Visual Cognition

Bridge, Holly; Leopold, David A.; Bourne, James A.

doi:10.1016/j.tics.2015.10.003

Cited by 142 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…The orbitofrontal cortex is well connected with the visual system, receiving projections from the temporal visual regions (inferior temporal cortex, superior temporal sulcus and temporal pole) (Barbas, 1988, 1995; Carmichael & Price, 1995) and is a target of visual information relayed via the pulvinar (Bridge, Leopold, & Bourne, 2015; Guillery & Sherman, 2002). Recordings in non-human primates reveal neuronal responses to visual stimuli in the orbitofrontal cortex (Rolls & Baylis, 1994; Thorpe, Rolls, & Maddison, 1983).…”

Section: Object Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictions penetrate perception: Converging insights from brain, behaviour and disorder

O’Callaghan

Kveraga

Shine

et al. 2017

Consciousness and Cognition

144

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It is argued that during ongoing visual perception, the brain is generating top-down predictions to facilitate, guide and constrain the processing of incoming sensory input. Here we demonstrate that these predictions are drawn from a diverse range of cognitive processes, in order to generate the richest and most informative prediction signals. This is consistent with a central role for cognitive penetrability in visual perception. We review behavioural and mechanistic evidence that indicate a wide spectrum of domains—including object recognition, contextual associations, cognitive biases and affective state—that can directly influence visual perception. We combine these insights from the healthy brain with novel observations from neuropsychiatric disorders involving visual hallucinations, which highlight the consequences of imbalance between top-down signals and incoming sensory information. Together, these lines of evidence converge to indicate that predictive penetration, be it cognitive, social or emotional, should be considered a fundamental framework that supports visual perception.

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Section: Object Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictions penetrate perception: Converging insights from brain, behaviour and disorder

O’Callaghan

Kveraga

Shine

et al. 2017

Consciousness and Cognition

144

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show abstract

“…In contrast to the LGN, the Pulvinar does not receive its main driving input from the retina, but instead from visual cortical regions (57, 58). Also, the Pulvinar projects broadly across the visual cortical hierarchy, and makes connections across multiple layers in these different regions (57). Therefore, while the LGN can be described as a tunable filter, the Pulvinar operates like a central hub, coordinating interactions across multiple cortical regions.…”

Section: Thalamic Gain Control As a Substrate For Sensory And Attentimentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrogating the mouse thalamus to correct human neurodevelopmental disorders

Schmitt

Halassa

2016

Mol Psychiatry

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While localizing sensory and motor deficits is one of the cornerstones of clinical neurology, behavioral and cognitive deficits in psychiatry remain impervious to this approach. In psychiatry, major challenges include the relative subtlety by which neural circuits are perturbed, and the limited understanding of how basic circuit functions relate to thought and behavior. Neurodevelopmental disorders offer a window to addressing the first challenge given their strong genetic underpinnings, which can be linked to biological mechanisms. Such links have benefited from genetic modeling in the mouse, and in this review we highlight how this small mammal is now allowing us to crack neural circuits as well. We review recent studies of mouse thalamus, discussing how they revealed general principles that may underlie human perception and attention. Controlling the magnitude (gain) of thalamic sensory responses is a mechanism of attention, and the mouse has enabled its functional dissection at an unprecedented resolution. Further, modeling human genetic neurodevelopmental disease in the mouse has shown how diminished thalamic gain control can lead to attention deficits. This breaks new ground in how we untangle the complexity of psychiatric diseases; by making thalamic circuits accessible to mechanistic dissection, the mouse has not only taught us how they fundamentally work, but also how their dysfunction can be precisely mapped onto behavioral and cognitive deficits. Future studies promise even more progress, with the hope that principled targeting of identified thalamic circuits can be uniquely therapeutic.

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“…However, it remains unknown whether this functions as a continuous pathway 14 . This is critical because the pulvinar is highly connected with the visual, temporal, parietal, and frontal cortices 16 and thus may simply mediate communication between these areas and the amygdala, rather than enable a direct route for rapid fear processing. To investigate this, we asked whether the two halves of the subcortical route (i.e.…”

Section: A Direct Route Through the Right Inferior Pulvinarmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, the hypothesis that the subcortical route rapidly transfers information from the retina to the amygdala without interference has been heavily criticised 14,15 . Furthermore, the pulvinar is highly connected with a widespread network of cortical regions that may contribute to transmission along the subcortical route 16,17 . Hence, it remains unknown whether the functional activation of the human superior colliculus, pulvinar and amygdala during affective processing bears any relation to an underlying structural pathway 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An afferent white matter pathway from the pulvinar to the amygdala facilitates fear recognition

McFadyen

Mattingley

Garrido

2018

Preprint

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Our ability to rapidly detect threats is thought to be subserved by a subcortical pathway that quickly conveys visual information to the amygdala. This neural shortcut has been demonstrated in animals but has rarely been shown in the human brain. Importantly, it remains unclear whether such a pathway might influence neural activity and behaviour. We conducted a multimodal neuroimaging study of 622 participants from the Human Connectome Project. We applied probabilistic tractography to diffusion-weighted images, reconstructing a subcortical pathway to the amygdala from the superior colliculus via the pulvinar. We then computationally modelled the flow of neural activity during a face-viewing task and found strong evidence for a functionally-afferent subcortical pathway. Critically, individuals with greater fibre density in this pathway also had stronger dynamic coupling and enhanced fearful face recognition. Our findings provide converging evidence for the recruitment of an afferent subcortical route to the amygdala in the human brain that facilitates fear recognition.

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Adaptive Pulvinar Circuitry Supports Visual Cognition

Cited by 142 publications

References 87 publications

Predictions penetrate perception: Converging insights from brain, behaviour and disorder

Predictions penetrate perception: Converging insights from brain, behaviour and disorder

Interrogating the mouse thalamus to correct human neurodevelopmental disorders

An afferent white matter pathway from the pulvinar to the amygdala facilitates fear recognition

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