Adaptive noncommunication protection of double-circuit line systems

Abstract

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Optimizing solution of fault location using single terminal quantities

“…The lower diagram is the result of the impedance method with the fault occurring at 0.04 s. The impedance method continuously outputs the calculated fault results from the second cycle after the fault (0.06 s), and the fault zone is calculated through eqs. (4) and (5). The output fault location is the average location result of the four cycles since 0.08 s. …”

“…This may introduce extra risks of unreliable as well as increases of the cost for the fault location system. In this aspect, the single terminal methods are preferable in practical use, which only use local quantities without any need for communication [4,5] . In terms of reliability and cost-effectiveness, single-terminal methods enjoy obvious advantages.…”

Novel directional comparison protection for distribution lines

“…Unbalance ratio R i , R v are used to detect the asymmetrical fault and they are defined as [11,12] : In most situations, the ratio R i is significant to detect the fault occurrence, while for the single phase to ground fault in neutral point isolated system, R v can take effect. For the relay without source behind, the unbalance voltage ratio is always significant enough for fault detection.…”

Trends in Adaptive Distance Protection of Multiterminal and Double-Circuit Lines

“…Bo and his coworkers [93][94][95][96][97] described a technique for noncommunication protection of doublecircuit lines, which is based on balanced operation of the system in order to determine the breaker operation at the remote ends of the protected line section, from which the location of the fault inside or outside the protected line section can be derived. The main drawback of this scheme is that for a high impedance fault condition, accuracy and effectiveness cannot be guaranteed.…”