Abstract:in by the editorial staff)) Revised: ((will be filled in by the editorial staff)) Published online: ((will be filled in by the editorial staff)) An adaptive dynamic system is engineered from a protein monolayer assembled at the waterperfluorocarbon interface. The soft liquid interface which adapts dynamically to cell-generated forces, guides differentiation of stem cells and has broad implications for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
“…Observation of the behavior of human mesenchymal stem cells at the liquid-liquid interface revealed formation of selfassembled monolayers of co-existing proteins at the interface between aqueous culture medium and afluorocarbon layer. [94] Thel atter operates as an invisible solid substrate for stable spreading and growth of stem cells.F ibronectin induced as uperstructure transformation of the protein nanosheet to hierarchical fiber structures.T his transformation of the self-…”
Incorporation of non‐equilibrium actions in the sequence of self‐assembly processes would be an effective means to establish bio‐like high functionality hierarchical assemblies. As a novel methodology beyond self‐assembly, nanoarchitectonics, which has as its aim the fabrication of functional materials systems from nanoscopic units through the methodological fusion of nanotechnology with other scientific disciplines including organic synthesis, supramolecular chemistry, microfabrication, and bio‐process, has been applied to this strategy. The application of non‐equilibrium factors to conventional self‐assembly processes is discussed on the basis of examples of directed assembly, Langmuir–Blodgett assembly, and layer‐by‐layer assembly. In particular, examples of the fabrication of hierarchical functional structures using bio‐active components such as proteins or by the combination of bio‐components and two‐dimensional nanomaterials, are described. Methodologies described in this review article highlight possible approaches using the nanoarchitectonics concept beyond self‐assembly for creation of bio‐like higher functionalities and hierarchical structural organization.
“…Observation of the behavior of human mesenchymal stem cells at the liquid-liquid interface revealed formation of selfassembled monolayers of co-existing proteins at the interface between aqueous culture medium and afluorocarbon layer. [94] Thel atter operates as an invisible solid substrate for stable spreading and growth of stem cells.F ibronectin induced as uperstructure transformation of the protein nanosheet to hierarchical fiber structures.T his transformation of the self-…”
Incorporation of non‐equilibrium actions in the sequence of self‐assembly processes would be an effective means to establish bio‐like high functionality hierarchical assemblies. As a novel methodology beyond self‐assembly, nanoarchitectonics, which has as its aim the fabrication of functional materials systems from nanoscopic units through the methodological fusion of nanotechnology with other scientific disciplines including organic synthesis, supramolecular chemistry, microfabrication, and bio‐process, has been applied to this strategy. The application of non‐equilibrium factors to conventional self‐assembly processes is discussed on the basis of examples of directed assembly, Langmuir–Blodgett assembly, and layer‐by‐layer assembly. In particular, examples of the fabrication of hierarchical functional structures using bio‐active components such as proteins or by the combination of bio‐components and two‐dimensional nanomaterials, are described. Methodologies described in this review article highlight possible approaches using the nanoarchitectonics concept beyond self‐assembly for creation of bio‐like higher functionalities and hierarchical structural organization.
“…Jia et al. applied this cell culture strategy at liquid–liquid 2D interface to human mesenchymal stem cells and demonstrated differentiation of the stem cells into neurons without using expensive reagents (Figure ) . Nanolayer 2D sheets of proteins involved in the cell culture medium, together with externally added fibronectin, are spontaneously formed at the liquid interface between aqueous cell culture medium and fluorocarbon layer.…”
Soft and flexible two-dimensional (2D) systems, such as liquid interfaces, would have much more potentials in dynamic regulation on nano-macroc onnected functions. In this Minireview article, we focus especially on dynamic motional functions at liquid dynamic interfaces as 2D material systems. Severalr ecent examples are selectedt ob ee xplained for overviewing features and importance of dynamic soft interfaces in aw ide range of action systems. The exemplified research systems are mainly classified into three cate-gories:( i) controlo fm icroobjects with motional regulations; (ii)control of molecular machines with functions of target discriminationa nd optical outputs; (iii)control of living cells including molecular machine functions at cell membranes and cell/biomolecular behaviors at liquid interface. Sciences on soft 2D media with motional freedom and their nanoarchitectonics constructions will have increased importance in future technology in addition to popularr igid solid 2D materials.
“… Fig. 12 (a) The fibronectin-integrin-F-actin molecular clutch model for human mesenchymal stem cell spreading at a liquid-liquid interface [ 149 ] and (b) the proposed model for the mechanism of human mesenchymal stem cell remodeling of the protein nanosheets for irreversible monolayer-to-fiber transition [ 150 ]. …”
Section: Effect From the Interfacementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Jia et al. [ 150 ] have presented a conceptually new adaptive biomaterial based on a protein monolayer assembled at a liquid-liquid interface ( Fig. 12 b).…”
The living cell can be regarded as an ideal functional material system in which many functional systems are working together with high efficiency and specificity mostly under mild ambient conditions. Fabrication of living cell–like functional materials is regarded as one of the final goals of the nanoarchitectonics approach. In this short review article, material-based approaches for regulation of living cell behaviors by external stimuli are discussed. Nanoarchitectonics strategies on cell regulation by various external inputs are first exemplified. Recent approaches on cell regulation with interfacial nanoarchitectonics are also discussed in two extreme cases using a very hard interface with nanoarchitected carbon arrays and a fluidic interface of the liquid-liquid interface. Importance of interfacial nanoarchitectonics in controlling living cells by mechanical and supramolecular stimuli from the interfaces is demonstrated.
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