Adaptive Functioning in Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Roizen, Nancy; Blondis, Thomas A.; Irwin, Mark; Stein, Mark A.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1994.02170110023004

Cited by 48 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The difference was much smaller and not statistically significant in participants with IQ<80, suggesting that the discrepancy between IQ and functional level cannot be attributed to generalized developmental delays alone. Research on adaptive functioning in children with ADHD and mean IQ of 101 has found the functional level to be in the borderline to low-average range [27]. Adaptive functioning in children with epilepsy has also been found to be below average [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric disorders and behavioral characteristics of pediatric patients with both epilepsy and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Gonzalez–Heydrich

Dodds

Whitney

et al. 2007

Epilepsy & Behavior

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Background-ADHD coexisting with epilepsy is poorly understood, thus we compared the clinical correlates and psychiatric comorbidities in 36 children with epilepsy and ADHD, aged 6 to 17 years enrolled in an ADHD treatment trial, to those reported in the literature on children with ADHD without epilepsy. Methods-Measures included the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia forSchool-Age Children (KSADS), the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI), and the Scales for Independent Behavior-Revised (SIB-R).Results-Mean IQ was 86±19, and SIB-R Standard Score was 72±26. The ADHD-Combined subtype, composed of both inattentive and hyperactive symptoms, was most frequent (58%). Sixtyone percent exhibited a comorbid disorder, including anxiety disorders (36%), and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (31%).Conclusions-Comorbidity in ADHD with epilepsy is similar to that of ADHD without epilepsy reported in the literature. These preliminary data argue that the pathophysiology of ADHD has common components in both populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric disorders and behavioral characteristics of pediatric patients with both epilepsy and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Gonzalez–Heydrich

Dodds

Whitney

et al. 2007

Epilepsy & Behavior

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“…It is now gaining application with populations that exhibit an inability to functionally perform at the level anticipated by cognitive skills, resulting in a discrepancy between intellectual abilities and adaptive functioning (e.g., children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder [ADHD]). Deficits in executive functions (e.g., planning, organizing, strategizing), as seen in ADHD, can reduce adaptive functioning in otherwise cognitively intact children [2,3]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive functioning of childhood brain tumor survivors following conformal radiation therapy

et al. 2014

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Background Adaptive functioning is not often examined in childhood brain tumor (BT) survivors, with the few existing investigations relying on examiner interviews. Parent questionnaires may provide similar information with decreased burden. The purpose of this study was: (1) to examine adaptive behaviors in BT survivors relative to healthy peer and cancer survivor groups, and (2) to explore the validity of a parent questionnaire in relation to an examiner administered interview. Procedure Participants (age 13.11±2.98 years) were BT survivors treated with conformal radiation therapy (n=50), healthy siblings of BT survivors (n=39) and solid tumor (ST) survivors who did not receive CNS-directed therapy (n=40). Parents completed the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System–2nd Edition (ABAS-II). For a subset of the BT cohort (n=32), examiners interviewed the parents using the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS) within 12 months. Results Groups differed significantly on each of the ABAS-II indices and the general adaptive composite, with the BT group scoring lower than the sibling and ST groups across indices. Executive functioning, but not IQ, was associated with adaptive skills; no clear pattern of clinical and demographic predictors was established. VABS scores were correlated with ABAS-II scores on nearly all indices. Conclusions BT survivors showed significantly lower adaptive functioning when compared to healthy and cancer controls. The ABAS-II proved sensitive to these behavioral limitations and was consistent with scores on the VABS. The use of a parent questionnaire to assess adaptive functioning enhances survivorship investigations by increasing flexibility of assessment and decreasing examiner burden.

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“…Socialisation deficits, as measured by the Vineland Adaptive Scales (VABS), were observed by Stein and his colleagues among boys, aged 4 to 16 years, with ADHD or ADD and co‐morbid appositional defiant and/or conduct disorder, although not among those with ADHD or ADD only (Stein, Szumowski, Blondis, & Roizen, 1995). Roizen, Blondis, Irwin, and Stein (1994) also investigated adaptive behaviour in a group of children ( n =104), aged 6 to 16 years, using the VABS, and found that socialisation deficits, relative to intellectual potential, were most marked in the group of children with co‐morbid ADHD, disruptive disorders, and learning difficulties. The findings suggest that within the realm of externalising behaviour disorders, the adolescent with co‐morbid ADHD and ODD/CD may be the most severely disadvantaged with respect to the acquisition of skills and satisfying interpersonal relationships.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between executive function abilities, adaptive behaviour, and academic achievement in children with externalising behaviour problems

Clark

Prior

Kinsella

2002

Child Psychology Psychiatry

271

195

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Adaptive Functioning in Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Cited by 48 publications

References 13 publications

Psychiatric disorders and behavioral characteristics of pediatric patients with both epilepsy and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Psychiatric disorders and behavioral characteristics of pediatric patients with both epilepsy and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Adaptive functioning of childhood brain tumor survivors following conformal radiation therapy

The relationship between executive function abilities, adaptive behaviour, and academic achievement in children with externalising behaviour problems

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