Adaptive distance relaying: Solution to challenges of conventional protection schemes in the presence of remote infeeds

Uzubi, Uma; Ekwue, A.O.; Ejiogu, E.C.

doi:10.1002/2050-7038.12330

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Representing the inverter model as an infinite machine model will not provide an accurate result. Rahul Dubey et al [6][7][8] analyzed the non-uniformity of distance relay characteristics with the change in wind-based generator parameters causing distance protectionscheme susceptible. For a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based RES integrated grid, the impact of a negative sequence current component on distance relay was referred to [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Distance Relaying Scheme under High Penetration of RES

Pradhan¹,

Singh

2022

Preprint

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The operation of a distance relay is a function of source impedance and fault parameters. The performance of a distance relay is quite stable when used for the protection of a strong power system network where the fault current contribution is dominated by synchronous machines. However, their performance is affected when the synchronous machine is replaced by high internal impedance-based generation as seen in the case of renewable energy source (RES) based generating units like solar and wind. The RES results in an observable increase in source to impedance ratio (SIR) and significantly affects the operating performance of a distance relay. The dynamic change in infeed in the RES system leads to overreach and under-reach problems. The dynamic nature of RES arises revision in the reach settings of the distance relay placed in the RES integrated network. This problem is stimulated for a model transmission system in the real-time digital simulator with hardware in loop simulation installed at Central Power Research Institute Bangalore, India. The performance of the relay is studied for high SIR, infeed variation, and load encroachment. Observation and simulation results recommend the rising requirement of an adaptive distance relaying protection scheme that can dynamically manage the relay zone setting as per the operation network configurations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Distance Relaying Scheme under High Penetration of RES

Pradhan¹,

Singh

2022

Preprint

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“…Another relevant approach is the knowledge-based protection solutions [4], which may use for instance artificial neural networks to detect and classify faults [16] or radial basis function neural networks [17] to prevent the relay to malfunction in situations concerning remote current infeed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission Line Distance Protection Algorithm Based on Bayesian Inference

Tiferes

Manassero

2022

International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems

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This paper presents a distance protection method based on estimating the resistances and inductances seen by the relay using a least-squares (LS) approach combined with the application of Bayesian inference (BI) to determine fault probabilities in the protected zone over time. The use of BI in the presented algorithm increases the security and reliability of the LS-based line protection approach, which, although fast, may yield impedance estimates with numerical inaccuracies and therefore configures a solution capable of detecting faults internal to the protected zone rapidly and dependably. The authors tested the proposed algorithm using data sets obtained from transmission line fault simulations performed in Alternative Transients Program (ATP), which considered noisy measurements, current transformer (CT) saturation, capacitive-coupling voltage transformer (CCVT) transients, switching onto fault, close-in faults, frequency variations, uncertainties in the line’s parameters, and power swings. Furthermore, the authors tested the presented method against measurements recorded by field protection equipment during seventy-nine actual fault events on four existing 500 [kV] lines. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm is a fast, secure, and reliable distance protection solution and that using BI to the LS-based distance protection approach increases security while maintaining fast fault detection.

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“…the distance protection of the transmission line is not so much affected by the changes in the load current or short circuit current magnitude unlike overcurrent relays [3]. When a highly distressed line trips, power will be routed through the interconnecting lines and they will experience or suffer the same effect as the already tripped line.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltage Stability Analysis of Nigerian 330kV Power Grid using Static P-V Plots

Ezeruigbo¹,

Ekwue²,

Anih³

2021

Nig. J. Tech.

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Nigeria power system has been experiencing total or partial system failures in recent times and voltage instability is a strong factor. The paper seeks to perform the voltage stability analysis, based on static P-V plots, on buses located around and within the South East zone of Nigeria. An injection group containing generators to serve as the source and a sink group as loads to be monitored are created. The generators are assumed to be within their min/max MW limits. The load is increased in the sink group as well as in the source group to maintain the same generation/load balance. Load power and bus voltages (P-V) curves are plotted on the load busbars and the first busbar to reach the voltage collapse and MW transfer limit are determined. From the results obtained, at a load of 100 MW, Makurdi bus recorded a voltage of 0.9301 pu which is already below the regulatory standards of ±5% of the nominal line voltage. It entered the region of instability at a load of 245 MW. This created a situation of system instability and a possible partial system collapse. Subsequently, at a load of 260 MW, the system clearly entered unstable region giving rise to partial system collapse of the network.

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Adaptive distance relaying: Solution to challenges of conventional protection schemes in the presence of remote infeeds

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Performance of Distance Relaying Scheme under High Penetration of RES

Performance of Distance Relaying Scheme under High Penetration of RES

Transmission Line Distance Protection Algorithm Based on Bayesian Inference

Voltage Stability Analysis of Nigerian 330kV Power Grid using Static P-V Plots

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