“…Roughly, three main approaches to formation control have been discussed in recent literature. The first approach describes a formation in terms of inter-agent distance measures (Eren et al, 2002;Yu et al, 2007;Hendrickx et al, 2007;Bai et al, 2008) and uses gradient descent control laws resulted from distance-based artificial potentials (Olfati-Saber and Murray, 2002a;Cao et al, 2008;Yu et al, 2009;Krick et al, 2009;Cao et al, 2011). The second approach describes a formation in terms of inter-agent bearing measures (Eren, 2007) and uses angle only control laws (Basiri et al, 2010;Guo et al, 2011).…”