Adaptive Controller of Two Tuning Phases in a Microring Based Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) Modulator

Abstract

The state-of-the art for control of microring based devices is tuning just resonant phase. We introduce an extremum-seeking discrete-multitone adaptive controller, concurrently tuning both resonant phase and second coupling phase parameter optimizing microring critical couplin

Accurate Power-Efficient Format-Scalable Multi-Parallel Optical Digital-to-Analogue Conversion

“…An essential technology is already available to enable the proposed MPMZM: Control & Calibration of slow optical coherent fan-out/fan-in [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47], since the onus of optimizing the oDAC D/A conversion 'staircase', reconfiguring the oDAC to lower-order constellations and switching between DD and COH operational modes is now assigned to the slow-rate (~kHz) control plane, mainly tuning the splitter and combiner taps and the phaseshifters in the parallel paths. More work is needed in this field, to work out off-line and on-line calibration procedures for the new MPMZM oDACs.…”

“…Nevertheless, we prove, in the next subsection, that upon using dyadic phases, the constellation min-distance monotonically increases in the k bkoff variable. Therefore, by using design (45), albeit at k bkoff = 1, the constellation min-distance will be seen to increase relative to having k bkoff < 1.…”

“…The other subfigures of Figure 5 depict constructions of VAR 1:3 and VAR 1:4 Splitters and Combiners. The MPMZM variable taps are implemented by tuning, in unison, the actuating phases of the constituent MZMs and PMs inside each of the 2:2 MCs, based on Control&Calibration (C&C) techniques for Photonic Integrated Circuits (PIC), techniques akin to those described in [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. Postulating ability to accurately set the fan-out/fan-in modules, our novel analysis and design methodology for an S-way MPoDAC aims to evaluate the optimal MPoDAC parameters: the splitting and combining ratios (the taps), to either synthesize perfect target 1D constellations (COH PAM-2 B bipolar) or to maximin-optimize an imperfect unipolar constellation for DD.…”

“…This is akin to the trend of Digitally Assisted Analog Systems in ultra-high-speed RF mixed-signal electronics. In recent years there have been substantial advances in photonic C&C techniques similar to those described in [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47], applicable to optical programmability. Those techniques may be directly leveraged to the MPoDAC C&C task for the taps and the path phases initialization and stabilization-to which topic a separate publication will be devoted.…”

Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Stabilization of Large-Scale Photonic-Integrated Circuits

“…We mention that the ES based method has been very tersely introduced by the current authors and additional co-authors in [24]. The current paper objective is to elaborate on systematic principles and thorough signal analysis of the new technique, way beyond that brief preview, prior to exemplifying the technique by the numeric simulations for the Si microring -concurrently tuning both resonant phase and a second coupling phase parameter optimizing critical coupling into the microring (D = 2 tuning DOFs).…”