“…i.e., in this study, the end-effector desired trajectory is the same as the case discussed earlier in sub Section 4.1. In addition to the above benchmark comparisons based on simulations, the proposed controller performance is compared with other recent developed controllers in the robotics area for prototype experiments for better lucidity on the affirmative aspects of the proposed controller, namely an indirect adaptive controller based on extended Kalman filter (IAC-EKF) [41], continuous finite-time controller based on terminal sliding mode controller (CFTTSMC) [52], a PD with sliding mode controller (PD + SMC) [53], a regressor matrix based adaptive controller (RMAC) [54], adaptive sliding mode controller (ASMC) [55] and computed torque controller with disturbance observer (CTC + DOB) [56], and their control vectors along with proposed controller (PC) are given as: …”