Adaptive bolus chasing computed tomography angiography: Control scheme and experimental results

Abstract

In this paper, a new adaptive bolus-chasing control scheme is proposed to synchronize the bolus peak in a patient's vascular system and the imaging aperture of a computed tomography (CT) scanner. The proposed control scheme is theoretically evaluated and experimentally tested on a modified Siemens SOMATOM Volume Zoom CT scanner. The first set of experimental results are reported on bolus-chasing CT angiography using realistic bolus dynamics, real-time CT imaging and adaptive table control with physical vasculature phantoms. The data demonstrate that the proposed control approach tracks the bolus propagation well, and clearly outperforms the constant-speed scheme that is the current clinical standard.

Adaptive bolus chasing computed tomography angiography by a local linear time and space parameter varying model: modeling, control, identification, and experimental results

“…First, the real-time raw data was not available, which restrained us from using the actual bolus density information. Second, CT table control was through the CANbus line, which caused control delay [20]. To that end, we had to scale down the flow rate, especially in the part of the aorta.…”

A Dynamic Arterial Tree Phantom for studies of bolus chasing CT Angiography

“…Owing to the proprietary issues, we are not able to fulfil our control techniques fully. First, the real-time raw data is not available, and second, CT table is controlled through the CANbus, which causes control delay (Cai et al, 2008). Therefore, the flow rate of the contrast is scaled down compared with the normal adult blood flow rate in the artery.…”

“…When the contrast bolus reaches the aorta, the adaptive chasing techniques take effect and move the CT table automatically (Bai et al, 2008). The scanner is a four-row Volume Zoom scanner, manufactured by Siemens Inc. Owing to the proprietary problem, we have to translate the CT table through CANbus, which causes the delay in the control and makes it hard to track the contrast peak at the actual speed (Cai et al, 2008). To that end, we have to scale down the velocity of the flow to demonstrate the adaptive tracking results.…”

Adaptive bolus-chasing computed tomography angiography in the cases of symmetric and asymmetric arterial flows in peripheral arteries

“…First, real time raw data is not available, and secondly, CT table control is through the CANbus line, which causes control delay [27]. To that end, we have to scale down the flow rate of the contrast and we can not demonstrate the complicated tracking strategy.…”