Adaptive auditory computations

Shamma, Shihab A.; Fritz, Jonathan B.

doi:10.1016/j.conb.2014.01.011

Cited by 46 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(53 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Such models would need to account for the auditory system's ability to adapt to the demands of an ever-changing acoustic environment and task goals. Recent physiological findings have been amending our views of processing in the auditory system, replacing the conventional view of ‘static’ processing in sensory cortex with a more ‘active’ and malleable mapping that rapidly adapts to the tasks at hand, sound context and listening conditions [11]. Numerous studies have revealed that our auditory experiences can have significant local effects by transforming receptive field properties of individual neurons, and profound global effects by reshaping cortical circuits [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling auditory attention

Kaya¹,

Elhilali²

2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

103

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sounds in everyday life seldom appear in isolation. Both humans and machines are constantly flooded with a cacophony of sounds that need to be sorted through and scoured for relevant information—a phenomenon referred to as the ‘cocktail party problem’. A key component in parsing acoustic scenes is the role of attention, which mediates perception and behaviour by focusing both sensory and cognitive resources on pertinent information in the stimulus space. The current article provides a review of modelling studies of auditory attention. The review highlights how the term attention refers to a multitude of behavioural and cognitive processes that can shape sensory processing. Attention can be modulated by ‘bottom-up’ sensory-driven factors, as well as ‘top-down’ task-specific goals, expectations and learned schemas. Essentially, it acts as a selection process or processes that focus both sensory and cognitive resources on the most relevant events in the soundscape; with relevance being dictated by the stimulus itself (e.g. a loud explosion) or by a task at hand (e.g. listen to announcements in a busy airport). Recent computational models of auditory attention provide key insights into its role in facilitating perception in cluttered auditory scenes.This article is part of the themed issue ‘Auditory and visual scene analysis’.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling auditory attention

Kaya¹,

Elhilali²

2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

103

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Training ferrets to engage in auditory-cued selective attention tasks can produce rapid changes in the spatiotemporal receptive fields of individual neurons in A1 that persist for hours (Fritz et al 2003). Similarly, during performance of an auditory discrimination task these neurons can be seen to temporarily alter their adaptation properties to enhance the differences in response between relevant stimuli (Atiani et al 2014;Shamma and Fritz 2014;Yin et al 2014). It remains unclear whether these comparatively brief changes during auditory tasks reflect longerterm plasticity that allows the circuit to operate in different taskspecific "modes," or if this short-term response plasticity is mechanistically related to that seen with longer-term remapping at all.…”

Section: Associative Plasticity In the Auditory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associative learning and sensory neuroplasticity: how does it happen and what is it good for?

McGann

2015

Learn. Mem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Historically, the body's sensory systems have been presumed to provide the brain with raw information about the external environment, which the brain must interpret to select a behavioral response. Consequently, studies of the neurobiology of learning and memory have focused on circuitry that interfaces between sensory inputs and behavioral outputs, such as the amygdala and cerebellum. However, evidence is accumulating that some forms of learning can in fact drive stimulus-specific changes very early in sensory systems, including not only primary sensory cortices but also precortical structures and even the peripheral sensory organs themselves. This review synthesizes evidence across sensory modalities to report emerging themes, including the systems' flexibility to emphasize different aspects of a sensory stimulus depending on its predictive features and ability of different forms of learning to produce similar plasticity in sensory structures. Potential functions of this learning-induced neuroplasticity are discussed in relation to the challenges faced by sensory systems in changing environments, and evidence for absolute changes in sensory ability is considered. We also emphasize that this plasticity may serve important nonsensory functions, including balancing metabolic load, regulating attentional focus, and facilitating downstream neuroplasticity.

show abstract

“…From the seminal studies of Scheich and colleagues (Brosch et al 2011;Ohl and Scheich 2005) and Weinberger and colleagues (Weinberger 2004(Weinberger , 2007(Weinberger , 2015, it is becoming clearer that sensory cortices, such as the auditory cortex, participate in the formation and maintenance of emotional memories, and that the role played by these structures in emotional memory goes beyond simple sensory stimuli perception and memorization (reviewed in Fritz et al 2007;Grosso et al 2015a;Shamma and Fritz 2014;Weinberger 2004Weinberger , 2007Weinberger , 2015. In support of this notion, we have identified higher order components of sensory cortices, such as the temporal auditory cortex Te2, which are essential for storing remote fearful memories (Cambiaghi et al 2015;Grosso et al 2015b;Sacco and Sacchetti 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Region- and Layer-Specific Activation of the Higher Order Auditory Cortex Te2 after Remote Retrieval of Fear or Appetitive Memories

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The auditory cortex is involved in encoding sounds which have acquired an emotional-motivational charge. However, the neural circuitry engaged by emotional memory processes in the auditory cortex is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the layers and regions that are recruited in the higher order auditory cortex Te2 by a tone previously paired to either fear or appetitive stimuli in rats. By tracking the protein coded by the immediate early gene zif268, we found that fear memory retrieval engages layers II-III in most regions of Te2. These results were neither due to an enhanced fear state nor to fear-evoked motor responses, as they were absent in animals retrieving an olfactory fear memory. These layers were also activated by appetitive auditory memory retrieval. Strikingly, layer IV was recruited by fear, but not appetitive memories, whereas layer V activity was related to the behavioral responses displayed to the CS.In addition to revealing the layers and regions which are recruited in the Te2 by either fear or appetitive remote memories, our study also shows that the neural circuitry within the Te2 that processes and stores emotional memories varies on the basis of the affective-motivational charge of tones.

show abstract

Adaptive auditory computations

Cited by 46 publications

References 55 publications

Modelling auditory attention

Modelling auditory attention

Associative learning and sensory neuroplasticity: how does it happen and what is it good for?

Region- and Layer-Specific Activation of the Higher Order Auditory Cortex Te2 after Remote Retrieval of Fear or Appetitive Memories

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About