Adaption of an Evaporative Desert Cooler into a Liquid Desiccant Air Conditioner: Experimental and Numerical Analysis

Jaradat, Mustafa; Al-Addous, Mohammad; Albatayneh, Aiman

doi:10.3390/atmos11010040

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The rotor materials employed thus far have been limited to lithium chloride or silica gel, which are integrated into a cellulose medium. Various researchers have conducted studies in which liquid desiccants were applied to desiccant evaporative cooling systems, including [30,31], while others have applied desiccant wheels, including [32,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Coupling PV and Air Conditioning vs. Solar Cooling Systems—Case Study from Jordan

et al. 2021

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When they were first conceived, solar cooling systems were designed to be cost-effective and environmentally safe alternatives for the majority of the developing nations that are characterised by their hot climates in contrast with the traditional air conditioning systems powered by electricity that is produced from fossil fuel resources. Nevertheless, developments in photovoltaic (PV) and air-conditioning technologies have impacted on the prospects of solar cooling systems. This study examined two different options: a coupled PV and air conditioner system and a solar cooling system (absorption chillers where thermal energy is provided by solar collectors) for a specific developing country located in the Eastern Mediterranean region whose climate is hot and dry (Jordan). The cooling system comprised a pair of cooled multistage compression, both of which were 700 kW, while the PV system’s size was 2.1 MWp, the utility grid connection was a 0.4 kV 50 Hz net meter (2 m) and it was anticipated that 3300 MWh/year would be generated. The solar cooling system operated at a maximum coefficient of performance (COP) of 0.79 and had an actual recorded COP of 0.32 on the site; when the electricity tariff of $0.1/kWh was considered, the respective levelised cost of energy (LCOE) values were $0.9/kWh and $2.35/kWh respectively. The findings indicate that the initial costs for the solar thermal cooling system and the PV system were approximately $3.150M and $3M, respectively. The current value of future cash payments when discounts of 6% per year were applied to the payments for the combination of PV and air conditioning was about $9,745,000, whereas the solar thermal cooling system will not reach the breakeven point at negative $1,730,000. It is clear the absorption chiller did not display economic feasibility, whereas the value for the coupled PV and air-conditioning systems was under $0.05/kWh. In addition to the extensive maintenance needs, the reduced COP and the practicality and feasibility of the solar thermal cooling systems mean these kinds of technologies are under significant pressure to remain competitive when faced with the development of new air conditioning and PV technologies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Coupling PV and Air Conditioning vs. Solar Cooling Systems—Case Study from Jordan

et al. 2021

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“…Up to now, the rotor materials used have only been either silica gel or lithium chloride, which is incorporated into a cellulose matrix. Several studies were performed for desiccant evaporative cooling systems (DEC) applying liquid desiccants such as [11,12] and applying desiccant wheels such as in [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Study of Solar Thermal Cooling in Sub-Mediterranean Climate

et al. 2020

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Air conditioning is becoming increasingly important in the energy supply of buildings worldwide. There has been a dramatic increase in energy requirements for cooling buildings in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. This is before taking the effects of climate change into account, which will also entail a sharp increase in cooling requirements. This paper presents the potential of using a solar thermal absorption cooling system in Sub-Mediterranean Climate. Four sites in Jordan are now equipped with water-lithium bromide (H₂O-LiBr) absorption chillers with a total nominal capacity of 530 kW. The focus of the paper was on the pilot system at the German Jordanian University (GJU) campus with a cooling capacity of 160 kW. The system was designed and integrated in order to support two existing conventional compression chillers with a nominal cooling capacity of 700 kW. The system was economically evaluated based on the observed cooling capacity results with a Coefficient of Performance (COP) equals 0.32, and compared with the values observed for a COP of 0.79 which is claimed by the manufacturer. Several techniques were implemented to evaluate the overall economic viability in-depth such as present worth value, internal rate of return, payback period, and levelized cost of electricity. The aforementioned economic studies showed that the absorption cooling system is deemed not feasible for the observed COP of 0.32 over a lifespan of 25 years. The net present value was equal to −137,684 JD and a payback period of 44 years which exceeds the expected lifespan of the project. Even for an optimal operation of COP = 0.79, the discounted payback period was equal to 23 years and the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) was equal to 0.65 JD/kWh. The survey shows that there are several weaknesses for applying solar thermal cooling in developing countries such as the high cost of these systems and, more significantly, the lack of experience for such systems.

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Developments in liquid desiccant dehumidification system integrated with evaporative cooling technology

Kalpana

Subudhi

2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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The vapor compression air conditioning (VCAC) is the most widely used method for space cooling. However, it has some disadvantages, such as the fact that it consumes more electricity, depletes the ozone layer, and contributes to global warming. The liquid desiccant system using an evaporative cooler is a better replacement for a VCAC because it is cost-effective and environmentally sustainable. This paper initially introduces the fundamental principles of desiccant cooling and different types of liquid desiccant systems. Then, the desiccant systems using evaporative coolers are comprehensively reviewed. Finally, the assessment of system performances by different researcher's works is evaluated. It is observed from the review work that the liquid desiccant cooling system (LDCS) using an evaporative cooler could save energy consumption compared to VCAC. Highlights• Liquid desiccant dehumidifiers integrated with evaporative coolers are discussed.• LD dehumidifier integrated with evaporative cooler is an energy-efficient alternative in hot and humid areas.• DEVap system saves 2% to 3% of the annual energy.• The use of an LD dehumidifier in conjunction with an M-cycle IEC increases dehumidification.

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Adaption of an Evaporative Desert Cooler into a Liquid Desiccant Air Conditioner: Experimental and Numerical Analysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Evaluation of Coupling PV and Air Conditioning vs. Solar Cooling Systems—Case Study from Jordan

Evaluation of Coupling PV and Air Conditioning vs. Solar Cooling Systems—Case Study from Jordan

Potential Study of Solar Thermal Cooling in Sub-Mediterranean Climate

Developments in liquid desiccant dehumidification system integrated with evaporative cooling technology

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