Adapting to and coping with the threat and impacts of climate change.

Reser, Joseph P.; Swim, Janet K.

doi:10.1037/a0023412

Cited by 249 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…While female owners emphasized ecological and recreation values more than male owners and showed a higher threat appraisal of climate change (though not browsing damage), they also displayed lower response-efficacy. A higher threat appraisal should increase willingness to engage in pro-active risk management, but failure to perceive effective countermeasures is likely to dampen this willingness (Reser and Swim 2011). The social risk management context was important for explaining forest risk management but, as no gender difference was found, this factor was not important for explaining gender differences in management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…response-efficacy) were assessed in relation to climate change (including storms) and browsing damage respectively (cf. Reser and Swim 2011). The social risk management context included items assessing collaboration with others, descriptive norms (i.e.…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a risk management context, cognitive and emotional appraisals of threats (or risk perceptions), and how to cope with them (e.g. in terms of the perceived effectiveness of the strategy, labelled response-efficacy, or the ability to deal with a threat) are highly relevant (Reser and Swim 2011). While not examined among forest owners specifically, compared to men, women tend to display a higher threat appraisal of a range of threats (Slovic 1999;Trumbo et al 2011;Shavit et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Explaining gender differences in private forest risk management

Eriksson

2018

Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research

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In many countries, lower levels of forest management activities have been observed among female forest owners compared to male owners. The present study examined potential explanations for gender differences in private forest risk management among forest owners in Sweden (n = 1482) using a questionnaire. Results from this study confirmed a slightly lower level of forest risk management among female owners in proactively combating damage caused by climate change and animal browsing when compared to their male counterparts. Further gender differences were revealed on a structural level. For example, female owners displayed higher levels of education and were more often non-resident owners and urban owners, as compared to their male counterparts. In addition, female and male owners differed regarding social-psychological variables (e.g. forest values and threat and coping appraisals). However the greatest gender difference was found in involvement in forest planning and forestry work. Even though gender differences were evident on multiple levels, involvement in forest issues and forest planning were found to be most important for explaining gender differences in forest risk management. By disentangling predictors of gender differences in private forest risk management, this study may contribute to a more strategic gender approach to forest risk governance. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Explaining gender differences in private forest risk management

Eriksson

2018

Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research

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“…Based on environmental stress research and other psychological theories, for example, protection motivation theory (PMT) (Rogers and Prentice-Dunn 1997; applied to flooding by Grothmann and Reusswig 2006), Reser and Swim (2011) developed a framework of factors important for adaptation to and coping with climate change. Focusing more on emergency responses than long-term risk management, the protection action decision model (PADM) (Lindell and Perry 2012) depicts people's responses to environmental hazards and disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, and flooding.…”

Section: Theoretical Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A key to successful management is understanding what motivates people to deal with these hazards. Threat and coping appraisals have been identified as important for risk management in previous studies (Grothmann and Reusswig 2006;Lindell and Perry 2012;Reser and Swim 2011). Although threat appraisals are believed to precede coping appraisals when the threat is first encountered, it is not clear how these appraisals are related in long-term risk management when threat and coping strategies are re-evaluated several times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of threat, strategy, and resource appraisals for long-term proactive risk management among forest owners in Sweden

Eriksson

2016

Journal of Risk Research

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In natural hazards management, it is important to understand what motivates people to act when they or their property are threatened by natural hazards. Despite the importance of both threat and coping appraisals for responses to threats, less is known about the relations between threat and coping appraisals when risk management is long term. The present study examined appraisals of threat (cognitive and emotional), personal resources (cost and self-efficacy), and strategies (response-efficacy) as predictors of proactive management responses (past behavior and future intention) among forest owners in Sweden by means of a questionnaire (n = 1482). A path analysis revealed that threat appraisals and response-efficacy were direct predictors of past risk management behavior and the intention to respond in the future. Appraisals of resources, including cost and self-efficacy, were indirectly -via forest susceptibility and threat appraisals -related to threat responses. Although the model displayed reasonable fit for both owners more and those less involved in forestry, the cognitive appraisals variable was not a significant predictor of responses among owners less involved in forestry. In the full sample, the examined model explained approximately 50% of the variance in threat appraisals, and 28 and 17% in future intention and past behavior, respectively. Theoretical implications for how threat and coping appraisals are related during long-term risk management, and practical implications for forest risk management, are discussed.

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Climate Change

Patz

Frumkin

Holloway

et al. 2014

JAMA

372

146

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IMPORTANCE Health is inextricably linked to climate change. It is important for clinicians to understand this relationship in order to discuss associated health risks with their patients and to inform public policy. OBJECTIVES To provide new US-based temperature projections from downscaled climate modeling and to review recent studies on health risks related to climate change and the cobenefits of efforts to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. DATA SOURCES, STUDY SELECTION, AND DATA SYNTHESIS We searched PubMed and Google Scholar from 2009 to 2014 for articles related to climate change and health, focused on governmental reports, predictive models, and empirical epidemiological studies. Of the more than 250 abstracts reviewed, 56 articles were selected. In addition, we analyzed climate data averaged over 13 climate models and based future projections on downscaled probability distributions of the daily maximum temperature for 2046–2065. We also compared maximum daily 8-hour average ozone with air temperature data taken from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climate Data Center. RESULTS By 2050, many US cities may experience more frequent extreme heat days. For example, New York and Milwaukee may have 3 times their current average number of days hotter than 32°C (90°F). High temperatures are also strongly associated with ozone exceedance days, for example, in Chicago, Illinois. The adverse health aspects related to climate change may include heat-related disorders, such as heat stress and economic consequences of reduced work capacity; respiratory disorders, including those exacerbated by air pollution and aeroallergens, such as asthma; infectious diseases, including vectorborne diseases and waterborne diseases, such as childhood gastrointestinal diseases; food insecurity, including reduced crop yields and an increase in plant diseases; and mental health disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder and depression, that are associated with natural disasters. Substantial health and economic cobenefits could be associated with reductions in fossil fuel combustion. For example, greenhouse gas emission policies may yield net economic benefit, with health benefits from air quality improvements potentially offsetting the cost of US and international carbon policies. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Evidence over the past 20 years indicates that climate change can be associated with adverse health outcomes. Health care professionals have an important role in understanding and communicating the related potential health concerns and the cobenefits from policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

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Adapting to and coping with the threat and impacts of climate change.

Cited by 249 publications

References 118 publications

Explaining gender differences in private forest risk management

Explaining gender differences in private forest risk management

The importance of threat, strategy, and resource appraisals for long-term proactive risk management among forest owners in Sweden

Climate Change

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