Adapting eSpeak to Arabic language: converting Arabic text to speech language using eSpeak

Zerrouki, Taha; Shquier, Mohammed M. Abu; Balla, Amar; Bousbia, Nabila; Sakraoui, Imededdine; Boudardara, Fateh

doi:10.1504/ijris.2019.098056

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…[102] removed all diacritics from TTS systems. [88], [107], [111], [114] used third-party diacritizers. [92] used SAMPA transcription to incorporate diacritics into a TTS system.…”

Section: ) Srq1e: Citation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Arabic Text-to-Speech Systems: A 22-Year Literature Review

Chemnad

Othman

2023

IEEE Access

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Although there are several speech synthesis models available for different languages tailored to specific domain requirements and applications, there is currently no readily available information on the latest trends in Arabic language speech synthesis. This can make it challenging for beginners to research and develop text-to-speech (TTS) systems for Arabic languages. To address this issue, this article provides a comprehensive overview of several scholars' contributions to the field of Arabic TTS, along with an examination of the unique features of the Arabic language and the corresponding challenges in creating TTS systems. Reporting only on papers discussing Arabic TTS, this systematic review evaluated the available literature published between 2000 and 2022. We conducted a systematic review in six databases using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to identify studies that addressed Arabic Text-to-Speech systems. Of a total of 3719 articles identified, only 36 (0.96%) articles met our search criteria. Bibliometric analyses of these studies were conducted and reported. The results highlight the main types of speech synthesis techniques used in TTS systems: concatenative, formant, deep neural network (DNN), hybrid models, and multiagent. The corpora used to develop these systems, as well as the diacritization techniques incorporated, evaluation techniques, and the results of the performance of the systems are reported. Subjective evaluation using the mean opinion score is most applied to measure the accuracy of systems. This study also identifies gaps in the literature and makes recommendations for future research directions.

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“…[102] removed all diacritics from TTS systems. [88], [107], [111], [114] used third-party diacritizers. [92] used SAMPA transcription to incorporate diacritics into a TTS system.…”

Section: ) Srq1e: Citation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Arabic Text-to-Speech Systems: A 22-Year Literature Review

Chemnad

Othman

2023

IEEE Access

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“…A TTS system for diacritic Arabic texts was designed based on unit selection using a bigrams model [19]. An Arabic TTS support was developed to be included and integrated into the eSpeak system [20]. 3, and drawing the conclusion that DL-based models achieve a higher quality of the synthesized speech than the traditional methods [21].…”

Section: Ttsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full Diacritization of the Arabic Text to Improve Screen Readers for the Visually Impaired

Abuali

Kurdy

2022

Advances in Human-Computer Interaction

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This paper aims to find the relationship between the full diacritization of the Arabic text and the quality of the speech synthesized in screen readers and presents a new methodology to develop screen readers for the visually impaired, focusing on preprocessing and diacritization of the text before converting it to audio. First, the actual need for our proposal was measured by conducting a MOS (Mean Opinion Score) questionnaire to evaluate the quality of the speech synthesized before and after full diacritization in the NVDA (https://www.nvda-ar.org/) screen reader. Then, an e-reader was built by integrating two models: the first one is for automatic Arabic diacritization (depending on Shakkala), and the second is a TTS model (depending on Tacotron). The quality of our proposed system was measured in terms of (1) pronunciation and (2) intelligibility, in which our system outperformed the commercial screen readers, NVDA and IBSAR (https://www.sakhr.com), as it recorded 60.67%, 17.67%, and 21.67% as correct, incorrect, and partially correct, respectively, for the isolated word test, and 84% correct results for the homograph test, and 78.50% and 93% correct results, respectively, for the DRT and DMRT tests.

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“…Shadda is phonological germination (Marzouk & Kareh, 2018). It is a sign of double consonants that it's sound repetitive (Zerrouki, Shquier, Balla, Bousbia, Sakraoui, & Boudardara, 2019).…”

Section: Figure 6: the 2 Nd B Volume Of Himmati (Yellow)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic of Teaching Materials for Arabic Reading Skill with Inductive Approach

Istiqomah

Al-Badrani

2020

JIz

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Himmati is deliberately created as a textbook modification to recognize the Qur'an prepared for beginners. This research aimed to describe the characteristics of teaching material contained in Himmati. This research was a qualitative approach and content analysis of the perspective of Thu’aimah. It also belonged to library research with the main data source is a book, named Himmati: Modifikasi Pembelajaran Dasar Mengenali al-Qur’an from volume 1 to volume 5. The results showed that: 1) Generally, the teaching materials in Himmati were divided into 5 volumes which were presented inductively, namely the introduction of letters, words, tajweed, gharib, and verses in the Qur’an. Specifically, the teaching materials in Himmati were divided into 7 volumes which were presented with examples from the Qur'an and colored in the order of the frequency of visible light, from red to violet. The 1st volume focused on pronunciation, the 2ndA volume was on short vowels, long vowels, nunation (tanwin), and original sukuun, the 2ndB volume was on non-original sukuun and shadda, the 3rdA volume was on the law of nuun sukuun, nunation, germination nuun and miim, the 3rdB volume was on the law of miim sukuun, definite article al, and madd, the 4th volume was on the rule of exception, and the 5th volume was on the stop sign. The teaching materials in Himmati presented for beginners level

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Adapting eSpeak to Arabic language: converting Arabic text to speech language using eSpeak

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Advancements in Arabic Text-to-Speech Systems: A 22-Year Literature Review

Advancements in Arabic Text-to-Speech Systems: A 22-Year Literature Review

Full Diacritization of the Arabic Text to Improve Screen Readers for the Visually Impaired

Characteristic of Teaching Materials for Arabic Reading Skill with Inductive Approach

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