Adapted Gait of the Blind

Nakata, Hideo; Nakamura, Tuneya; Kakizawa, Takashi; Rahardja, D.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-74873-8_53

Adapted Physical Activity 1990

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-74873-8_53

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Adapted Gait of the Blind

Hideo Nakata¹,

Tuneya Nakamura²,

Takashi Kakizawa³

et al.

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“…This study reported differences in the EMG activation patterns between the groups. Interestingly, when blindfolded, the sighted subjects showed similar EMG patterns to individuals with a visual impairment (7). No other variables proved to be significant, although the sighted subjects did show a higher mean walking velocity.…”

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confidence: 73%

Gait and Long Cane Kinematics: A Comparison of Sighted and Visually Impaired Subjects

Johnson¹,

Johnson²,

Blasch³

et al. 1998

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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A mbulation is an essential part of the everyday lives of most people. The great majority of the human population is able to travel with little concern for obstacles in their path because they are capable of visually observing and, therefore, avoiding any such obstacles present. Individuals with a visual impairment do not have this feedback mechanism and, as a result, must rely upon other means of detecting obstacles that impede their path. Several devices and techniques have been developed for assisting the mobility of individuals with a visual impairment. The two most prevalent devices used by individuals with a visual impairment are the dog guide and the long cane, with the long cane being most commonly used.Very little biomechanical research has been performed on the gait mechanics of individuals with a visual impairment, including motions of the body and the long cane. Before reviewing this literature, it is important to understand the process of using the long cane as an increased mobility tool. The most common technique, and the technique used by all subjects in this study, is the touch technique. The cane should be p s p e d in the dominant hand in a "shake hands" grip with the index finger extended down the shaft t c~ ward the tip and the thumb positioned diagonally across the top of

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mentioning

confidence: 73%

Gait and Long Cane Kinematics: A Comparison of Sighted and Visually Impaired Subjects

Johnson¹,

Johnson²,

Blasch³

et al. 1998

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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Walking strategies of visually impaired people on trapezoidal- and sinusoidal-section tactile groundsurface indicators

et al. 2011

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The visual system in walking serves to perceive feedback or feed-forward signals. Therefore, visually impaired persons (VIP) have biased motor control mechanisms. The use of leading indicators (LIs) and long canes helps to improve their walking efficiency. The aims of this study were to compare the walking efficiency of VIP on trapezoidal- and sinusoidal-section LIs using an optoelectronic motion analysis system. VIP displayed a significantly longer stance phase, a shorter swing phase and shorter step and stride lengths when they walked on the sinusoidal LI than when they walked on the trapezoidal LI. Compared with the trapezoidal LI, VIP walking on the sinusoidal LI displayed significantly lower joint ranges of motion. The centre of mass lateral displacement was wider for VIP walking on the sinusoidal LI than on the trapezoidal LI. Some significant differences were also found in sighted persons walking on both LIs. In conclusion, the trapezoidal shape enabled visually impaired subjects to walk more efficiently, whereas the sinusoidal shape caused dynamic balance problems. STATEMENT OF RELEVANCE: These findings suggest that VIP can walk more efficiently, with a lower risk of falls, on trapezoidal-section than on sinusoidal-section LIs. These results should be considered when choosing the most appropriate ground tactile surface indicators for widespread use.

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Adapted Gait of the Blind

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Gait and Long Cane Kinematics: A Comparison of Sighted and Visually Impaired Subjects

Gait and Long Cane Kinematics: A Comparison of Sighted and Visually Impaired Subjects

Walking strategies of visually impaired people on trapezoidal- and sinusoidal-section tactile groundsurface indicators

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