1990
DOI: 10.2307/2992183
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Adaptation: Statistics and a Null Model for Estimating Phylogenetic Effects

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Cited by 571 publications
(648 citation statements)
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References 49 publications
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“…foraging, looking around, looking from the burrow, greeting, grooming, playing, marking, fighting, general movement, and other, see Barash 1989). We collected the data every 45 minutes and we tested independence of the data applying a Moran autocorrelation test (Gittleman & Kot 1990) to 435 individual matrices where positions of each individual were at least collected for 3 consecutive scans (i.e. 1 hour and an half).…”
Section: Field Data Collectionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…foraging, looking around, looking from the burrow, greeting, grooming, playing, marking, fighting, general movement, and other, see Barash 1989). We collected the data every 45 minutes and we tested independence of the data applying a Moran autocorrelation test (Gittleman & Kot 1990) to 435 individual matrices where positions of each individual were at least collected for 3 consecutive scans (i.e. 1 hour and an half).…”
Section: Field Data Collectionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To analyze the phylogenetic patterns of phenotypic evolution that were going to be used to estimate the phylogenetic patch (see below), we compiled 23 ecological, morphological and life-history traits for the 70 species of carnivore mammals living in North, Central and South America, obtained from the specialized literature (Burt and Grossenheider, 1980;Eisenberg, 1989;Chapman and Feldhamer, 1990;Gittleman, 1985Gittleman, , 1986aGittleman, ,b, 1991Eisenberg, 1992, 1999;Wilson and Reeder, 1993;Emmons, 1997) (Table 1). The phylogenetic patterns of these variables were analyzed by phylogenetic correlograms (Gittleman and Kot, 1990;Gittleman et al, 1996;Diniz-Filho, 2001;Diniz-Filho and Tôrres, 2002).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Dados médios de peso do corpo para essas espécies foram obtidos em Gittleman (1989), Fonseca et al (1996) e Emmons (1997), seguindo a classificação de Wilson & Reeder (1993). Os padrões filogenéticos no tamanho (peso) do corpo foram analisados inicialmente através de correlogramas filogenéticos (Gittleman & Kot, 1990;Gittleman et al, 1996), que expressam as variações na semelhança entre pares de espé-cies em função do tempo de divergência entre elas. O índice I de Moran foi utilizado para definir essa semelhança, e é dado por:…”
Section: Methodsunclassified
“…cias filogenéticas e o α é um termo de correção introduzido por Gittleman & Kot (1990), a fim de gerar uma relação não-linear entre distância filogenética e ponderação no cálculo do ρ, sendo portanto equivalente ao α do processo O-U. O termo ρWy expressa o valor de P, enquanto que ε ε ε ε ε é equivalente ao S. Esse modelo é ajustado através de uma equação de máxima verossimilhança, e o coeficiente de determinação, expressando a proporção da variação atribuída à filogenia, é dado por:…”
Section: Methodsunclassified
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