Adaptation Processes Among Internally Displaced Persons in Ukraine During the Russia-Ukraine War in the ХХІst Century

Abstract

This research exploration issues related to the living conditions and psychological well-being of internally displaced persons (IDPs) during the russo-Ukrainian war in Ukraine, using a case study of one territorial community in Vinnytsia Region. The geography of the newcomers to Yampil Microregion encompasses various cities and villages in the East and South of Ukraine. The majority of IDPs came from Kyiv, Odesa, Kharkiv, Mykolaiv, Donetsk, and Kherson. The picking of the region for relocation was primarily influenced by existing acquaintances and offers from relatives and classmates. Some IDPs, however, ventured into the unknown, relying on advice from volunteers. This group of individuals is particularly vulnerable due to their sense of helplessness and psychological state in a new environment, especially for those IDPs who were placed in rural areas. Not all IDPs immediately started to put their household in order. Nonetheless, some started to renovate vacant houses and the surrounding areas, and they gratefully accepted assistance from the local population, which provided various household items, clothing, and food. Families that decided to stay and purchased housing integrated most actively into the new conditions. The living conditions of IDPs, interpersonal relationships between local and newcomer populations, and the selflessness and hospitality of the local residents towards those affected by the conflict are also discussed. Nostalgic sentiments among IDPs for their homeland are noted, even though their homes have been destroyed by the aggressors. Based on conducted interviews, it can be concluded that different social groups of IDPs experience adaptation to new geographical conditions differently. Emphasis is placed on the common factors influencing the settlement of IDPs in Yampil Microregion and the display of individual characteristics among IDPs. It has been found that a significant number of IDPs do not rely solely on state aid and the welcoming community but have started their own businesses, making the adaptation process less painful. It is noted that different age groups perceive their temporary stay differently but nearly all of them hope to return to their homes. The issue of insufficient attention to integration processes during the pre-war period is raised, emphasizing the need to strengthen patriotic education in society.