Adaptation of social and non-social cues to direction in adults with autism spectrum disorder and neurotypical adults with autistic traits

Lawson, Rebecca; Aylward, Jessica; Roiser, Jonathan P.; Rees, Geraint

doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2017.05.001

Cited by 34 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In this study, we compared autistic and typical participants, of similar age and ability, on the adaptive coding of the speed of biological motion. We hypothesised that autistic individuals' atypicalities in the adaptive coding of facial stimuli (Ewing et al 2013a;Lawson et al 2018;Pellicano et al 2013;Rhodes et al 2018;Rutherford et al 2012) should generalise to non-facial social stimuli and predicted that autistic participants should show less adaptation to the speed of the PLDs of our task than the typical comparison participants. We found that both groups showed significant adaptation effects-but, contrary to our prediction, that the magnitude of adaptation was comparable in autistic and typical participants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is thus also very important to control for attention in adaptation studies (see also gaze-contingent paradigms; e.g., Wilms et al 2010). To our knowledge, controlling for attention has been employed in earlier studies on adaptation in autism by Ewing et al (2013b) on face identity, Karaminis et al (2015) on perceptual causality, Lawson et al (2018) on eye-gaze direction and Rhodes et al (2018) on facial expression. Our study on adaptation to the running speed of biological motion in autism is novel in combining the use of a secondary attention task with eye-tracking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the ubiquitous presence of adaptation in perception, an intriguing possibility is that autistic individuals' atypicalities in adaptation are pervasive across perceptual domains. The presence of domain-general atypicalities in adaptation could account for sensory issues in autistic people (e.g., why they might find certain sounds particularly disturbing), as well as core social difficulties, on the basis of a common neural mechanism (Lawson et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to social stimuli, attenuated adaptation in autism has been observed consistently within the face-processing domain, including, for example, for facial identity in autistic children (Ewing et al 2013b;Pellicano et al 2007) and relatives of autistic children (Fiorentini et al 2012), for facial configuration (Ewing et al 2013a, b) and eye-gaze direction in children (Pellicano et al 2013) and adults (Lawson et al 2018), and for emotional expressions in children (Rhodes et al 2018) and adults (Rutherford et al 2012). van Boxtel et al (2016 also found that autistic children show reduced adaptation to action discrimination in biological motion (walking vs. running).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was important as earlier studies have shown that attention modulates the size of adaptation (Kreutzer et al 2015;Rhodes et al 2011). Controlling for attention was achieved by employing a dual-task paradigm, in which the primary task measured the perception of biological motion and adaptive coding, while the secondary task motivated participants to attend to the middle of the screen and assessed their attention (see also Ewing et al 2013b;Karaminis et al 2015;Lawson et al 2018;Rhodes et al 2018). We also collected eye-movement data to quantify participants' looking preferences during the task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptation to the Speed of Biological Motion in Autism

Karaminis

Arrighi

Forth

et al. 2019

J Autism Dev Disord

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Autistic individuals often present atypicalities in adaptation-the continuous recalibration of perceptual systems driven by recent sensory experiences. Here, we examined such atypicalities in human biological motion. We used a dual-task paradigm, including a running-speed discrimination task ('comparing the speed of two running silhouettes') and a change-detection task ('detecting fixation-point shrinkages') assessing attention. We tested 19 school-age autistic and 19 age-and ability-matched typical participants, also recording eye-movements. The two groups presented comparable speed-discrimination abilities and, unexpectedly, comparable adaptation. Accuracy in the change-detection task and the scatter of eye-fixations around the fixation point were also similar across groups. Yet, the scatter of fixations reliably predicted the magnitude of adaptation, demonstrating the importance of controlling for attention in adaptation studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Adaptation to the Speed of Biological Motion in Autism

Karaminis

Arrighi

Forth

et al. 2019

J Autism Dev Disord

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Autistic and nonautistic adolescents do not differ in adaptation to gaze direction

Ward,

Buitelaar,

Hunnius

2024

Autism Research

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Predictive processing accounts of autism posit that autistic individuals' perception is less biased by expectations than nonautistic individuals', perhaps through stronger precision‐weighting of prediction errors. Since precision‐weighting is fundamental to all information processing, under this theory, the differences between autistic and nonautistic individuals should be domain‐general and observable in both behavior and brain responses. This study used EEG, behavioral responses, and eye‐tracking co‐registration during gaze‐direction adaptation, to investigate whether increased precision‐weighting of prediction errors is evident through smaller adaptation after‐effects in autistic adolescents compared with nonautistic peers. Multilevel modeling showed that autistic and nonautistic adolescents' responses were consistent with behavioral adaptation, with Bayesian statistics providing extremely strong evidence for the absence of a group difference. Cluster‐based permutation testing of ERP responses did not show the expected adaptation after‐effect but did show habituation to repeated stimulus presentation, and no group difference was detected, a result not consistent with the theoretical account. Combined with the few other available studies, the current findings raise challenges for the theory, suggesting no fundamental difference in precision‐weighting of prediction errors in autism.

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Olfaction in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a new threshold test analysis through turning points trajectories

et al. 2021

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Olfactory deficit is a widely documented non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Abnormal turning points trajectories through olfactory threshold testing have been recently reported in patients with olfactory dysfunction, who seem to adapt faster to olfactory stimuli, but data on PD patients are lacking. The aim of this study is to perform olfactory threshold test and explore the turning points trajectories in PD patients in comparison to normal controls. We recruited 59 PD patients without dementia, and no conditions that could influence evaluation of olfaction and cognition. Sixty healthy subjects served as controls. Patients and controls underwent a comprehensive olfactory evaluation with the Sniffin’ Sticks extended test assessing threshold, discrimination and identification and a full neuropsychological evaluation. Besides, threshold test data were analyzed examining all the turning points trajectories. PD patients showed a different olfactory threshold test pattern, i.e., faster olfactory adaptation, than controls with no effect of age. Normosmic PD patients showed different olfactory threshold test pattern, i.e., better threshold score, than normosmic controls. Visuospatial dysfunction was the only factor that significantly influenced this pattern. Olfactory threshold trajectories suggested a possible adaptation phenomenon in PD patients. Our data offered some new insights on normosmic PD patients, which appear to be a subset with a specific psychophysical profile. The analysis of the turning points trajectories, through an olfactory threshold test, could offer additional information on olfactory function in PD patients. Future larger studies should confirm these preliminary findings.

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Adaptation of social and non-social cues to direction in adults with autism spectrum disorder and neurotypical adults with autistic traits

Cited by 34 publications

References 64 publications

Adaptation to the Speed of Biological Motion in Autism

Adaptation to the Speed of Biological Motion in Autism

Autistic and nonautistic adolescents do not differ in adaptation to gaze direction

Olfaction in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a new threshold test analysis through turning points trajectories

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