Adaptation of rat olfactory bulb neurones.

Mair, Robert G.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1982.sp014198

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…In contracLt, the pattern of evoked activity changed consistently as stimulus magnitude was varied. Similar patterns of activity were evoked when the same concentration of a stimulus substance was presented at different times during a recording session (Mair, 1982). This constancy held over intervals as long as 17 hr and for neurones exhibiting large cyclic variations in spontaneous activity.…”

Section: Intensity Codingmentioning

confidence: 55%

Response properties of rat olfactory bulb neurones

Mair

1982

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Response properties of rat olfactory bulb neurones were studied by recording single-unit activity evoked by stimuli delivered by an air-dilution olfactometer. Neural responses were quantified as peristimulus time histograms by averaging the responses evoked by eight presentations of the same stimulus. Animals were stimulated by means of controlled artificial sniffs produced by a vacuum source connected to the choana. 4 2. Evoked activity was divided into on-and after-responses. Three types of on-responses were distinguished on the basis of temporal patterns of activity evoked by odorous stimuli. Neurones exhibited the same type of response when driven by different odorants. For a given neurone, the size of an evoked response depended on the odorant used as a stimulus substance. The stimulating effectiveness of particular odorants varied between different neurones.3. After-responses were divided into two classes: phasic (05-3 sec after stimulus offset) and tonic (3 sec-2 min after stimulus offset). After-responses were associated with a subset of neurones making each type of on-response and with units producing no clear on-response. It is suggested that the occurrence ofan after-response in a given neurone is not dependent on the nature of the evoked on-response.4. Intensity-related changes ofon-responses were characterized by three measures: number of action potentials evoked during the stimulus event, latency of actionpotential bursts, and rate of activity during the action-potential bursts. The number of evoked action potentials was not monotonically related to stimulus concentration. In contrast, there was a clear relationship between the pattern of evoked activity and stimulus concentration.5. It is proposed that the timing of excitation and inhibition is dependent on the concentration of the stimulus and that the number of evoked action potentials depends on the odorant used as a stimulus substance and the concentration at which it is delivered.

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Section: Intensity Codingmentioning

confidence: 55%

Response properties of rat olfactory bulb neurones

Mair

1982

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Indeed, although some mitral/tufted cells do respond to odor stimuli with increased spike excitation at higher odorant concentration, others are inhibited, or respond with more complex temporal patterns of mixed excitation and inhibition that may change with concentration. This variability in responses was first observed in rodents using odorant stimuli delivered to anesthetized animals by steady airflow [33, 34], and was confirmed in both anesthetized and awake animals under more natural periodic stimulation or sniffing [35–37]. Inhaled odorants elicit sniff-locked rhythmic spike bursting and/ or spike inhibition with a diverse phase distribution over the sniff cycle.…”

Section: Neural Encoding – Predicting Odor Intensity From Spike Patternsmentioning

confidence: 66%

From molecule to mind: an integrative perspective on odor intensity

Mainland

Lundström

Reisert

et al. 2014

Trends in Neurosciences

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A fundamental problem in systems neuroscience is mapping the physical properties of a stimulus to perceptual characteristics. In vision, wavelength translates into color; in audition, frequency translates into pitch. Although odorant concentration is a key feature of olfactory stimuli, we do not know how concentration is translated into perceived intensity by the olfactory system. A variety of neural responses at several levels of processing have been reported to vary with odorant concentration, suggesting specific coding models. However, it remains unclear which, if any, of these phenomena underlie the perception of odor intensity. Here we provide an overview of current models at different stages of olfactory processing, and identify promising avenues for future research.

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“…Although reductions in sensory system responses to stimuli may occur throughout the sensory pathway [e.g., in olfaction: olfactory receptors (Zufall et al, 1991); olfactory second-order neurons (Potter and Chorover, 1976;Mair, 1982); olfactory primary and higher order cortex (McCollum et al, 1991;Wilson, 1998a)], behavioral adaptation (habituation) is believed to be mediated to a large extent by changes in cortical sensory responsiveness. This cortical adaptation could be mediated either by attenuation in synaptic excitation (i.e., synaptic depression) (Zucker, 1972;Castellucci and Kandel, 1974;Chung et al, 2002) or enhancement in inhibition (Carandini and Ferster, 1997) of cortical neurons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinate Synaptic Mechanisms Contributing to Olfactory Cortical Adaptation

Best¹,

Wilson²

2004

J. Neurosci.

101

108

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Anterior piriform cortex (aPCX) neurons rapidly filter repetitive odor stimuli despite relatively maintained input from mitral cells. This cortical adaptation is correlated with short-term depression of afferent synapses, in vivo. The purpose of this study was to elucidate mechanisms underlying this nonassociative neural plasticity using in vivo and in vitro preparations and to determine its role in cortical odor adaptation. Lateral olfactory tract (LOT)-evoked responses were recorded in rat aPCX coronal slices. Extracellular and intracellular potentials were recorded before and after simulated odor stimulation of the LOT. Results were compared with in vivo intracellular recordings from aPCX layer II/III neurons and field recordings in urethane-anesthetized rats stimulated with odorants. The onset, time course, and extent of LOT synaptic depression during both in vitro electrical and in vivo odorant stimulation methods were similar. Similar to the odor specificity of cortical odor adaptation in vivo, there was no evidence of heterosynaptic depression between independent inputs in vitro. In vitro evidence suggests at least two mechanisms contribute to this activity-dependent synaptic depression: a rapidly recovering presynaptic depression during the initial 10 -20 sec of the post-train recovery period and a longer lasting (ϳ120 sec) depression that can be blocked by the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) II/III antagonist (RS)-␣-cyclopropyl-4-phosphonophenylglycine (CPPG) and by the ␤-adrenergic receptor agonist isoproterenol. Importantly, in line with the in vitro findings, both adaptation of odor responses in the ␤ (15-35 Hz) spectral range and the associated synaptic depression can also be blocked by intracortical infusion of CPPG in vivo.

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Adaptation of rat olfactory bulb neurones.

Cited by 23 publications

References 7 publications

Response properties of rat olfactory bulb neurones

Response properties of rat olfactory bulb neurones

From molecule to mind: an integrative perspective on odor intensity

Coordinate Synaptic Mechanisms Contributing to Olfactory Cortical Adaptation

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