Adaptation into Spanish of the Internalised Stigma of Mental Illness scale to assess personal stigma

Bengochea-Seco, Rosario; Arrieta-Rodríguez, Marta; Fernández-Modamio, Mar; Santacoloma-Cabero, Iciar; Tojeiro-Roce, Juan Gómez de; García-Polavieja, Bárbara; Santos-Zorrozúa, Borja; Gil-Sanz, David

doi:10.1016/j.rpsmen.2016.01.009

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These results could be due to the fact that we included two types of mental illnesses in our study (schizophrenia and depression) each of which evokes different degrees of stigma [ 35 ]. The differences in the pity dimension may highlight police attitudinal changes over time or cultural differences, as some studies suggest that there exists less stigma among the Spanish population [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes of the police towards individuals with a known psychiatric diagnosis

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Police officers are increasingly required to respond to incidents involving psychiatric patients. However, few studies have assessed whether the attitude of police officers depends on prior knowledge of their specific psychiatric diagnosis. Our aim was to analyze the effects of psychiatric diagnosis on the behavior of police officers. Methods We utilized the Attribution Questionnaire adapted to the police context to examine the attitudes of 927 officers of the Spanish National Police Force towards persons diagnosed with either schizophrenia or depressive disorder playing the role of somebody in need of assistance, a victim of a crime, a witness, or a suspect in a criminal case. Different socio-demographic variables were also collected. Results Compared to attitudes to individuals with a known psychiatric diagnosis, police officers expressed increased willingness to help psychiatric patients and increased sympathy and attributing to them less responsibility for their actions. They also showed increased feelings of avoidance, reported a greater perception of danger and a greater need for isolation and involuntary treatment. This was especially so in the case of schizophrenia. Stigmatizing attitudes were less apparent when the person was a woman, a veteran officer, or someone with a history of work experience. Conclusions Police officers may hold certain stigmatizing attitudes towards persons with mental illness, particularly schizophrenia, that require special attention, as they may negatively affect police action. We found several factors associated with the persistence of these stigmatizing attitudes among police officers that may guide us when implementing training programs for promoting attitude change, especially at the beginning of an officer’s professional career.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes of the police towards individuals with a known psychiatric diagnosis

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We plan to use the criterion based on the ISMI for assessing criterion validity. We will use a cutoff of 2.5 on the ISMI scale ( Ritsher et al, 2003 ; Boyd et al, 2014 ; Bengochea-Seco et al, 2018 ), of which the total score range is 0 to 4, 4 being the worst, to indicate the presence of stigma. We will compare the means of TD-STIGMA of the stigma and the non-stigma groups using a t-test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study protocol for measuring stigmatization in persistent tic disorders: development and validation of the Tourette discrimination-stigmatization scale

Martindale,

Ringheanu,

Pring

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionPersistent Tic Disorders such as Tourette Syndrome are common neurodevelopmental disorders that are highly stigmatized. Many individuals with Persistent Tic Disorders experience peer rejection, loneliness, and self-stigma. Experiencing stigmatization during childhood can influence the persistence of moderate-to-severe tics later in life. Additionally, these factors have been associated with increased suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and psychiatric symptom severity. There is a need for interventions to reduce stigma and stigmatization in Persistent Tic Disorders. Before developing cost-effective interventions to mitigate stigma’s profound downstream health impacts, a reliable measure of stigmatization must be created. The overarching goal of this research is to develop and validate the Tourette Discrimination-Stigmatization (TD-STIGMA) Scale.MethodsThis paper presents the study protocol for developing and validating the TD-STIGMA Scale. The study is designed as a mixed methods study to develop the TD-STIGMA scale and evaluate its psychometric properties. The study uses a phased approach: (1) collection of narrative and thematic content data through in-depth qualitative interviews of stakeholders, (2) development of a novel TD-STIGMA self-report scale using the Delphi Method based on these results, and (3) completion of analyses to determine the scale’s psychometric properties (confirmatory factor analysis, convergent, known-group, criterion validity, and test–retest reliability).DiscussionThis project will result in a personalized approach to stigma measurement about youth and young adults with Persistent Tic Disorders, which to date does not exist. There are several limitations. Comorbidities or spiritual or cultural beliefs may affect perceptions of stigma and are not directly assessed in this study. We will utilize institutional resources for community outreach to purposefully sample underrepresented minorities who may be at disproportionate risk of adverse outcomes. However, this may not be fully representative of the generalized tic population. The study team will be purposeful in maintaining participant engagement for study retention. Lastly, participants from a tertiary referral center may not fully represent the generalized tic community. However, we hope our broad recruitment strategy and virtual study visits will facilitate a diverse and inclusive sampling of the patient population.

show abstract

“…A high total score on the ISMI scale indicates more severe internalized stigmatization. The Spanish version of the ISMI-29 was used in this work [27]. Following the method used by Lysaker and colleagues [25], 4 categories can be created for each score: 1.00–2.00 (minimal to no internalized stigma), 2.01–2.50 (mild internalized stigma), 2.51–3.00 (moderate internalized stigma), and 3.01–4.00 (severe internalized stigma).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale (ISMI-29) is one of the most widely used measurements of internalized stigma in mental health research [11, 24–26]. There is only one validation in Spanish, but it was carried out in Spain, whose version obtained good values of internal consistency and test-retest reliability, for the total score of the scale (0.91 and 0.95 respectively), as well as for the five subscales, except for the Stigma Resistance subscale (Cronbach’s alpha 0.42) [27]. To date, the psychometric characteristics of the ISMI-29 have not been explored in Latin American countries [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Latin American version of the internalized stigma of mental illness scale (LA-ISMI): a multicentric validation study from three Latin American countries

Caqueo-Urízar

Urzúa

Loundon

et al. 2019

Health Qual Life Outcomes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundTo date, no data have been available concerning the psychometric characteristics of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale (ISMI-29) in Latin American countries. The aim of this study was to validate a Latin American version of the ISMI in people with schizophrenia.MethodsThe study included 253 stabilized outpatients with schizophrenia from 3 Mental Health Services in three Latin American countries: Bolivia (N = 83), Chile (N = 85) and Peru (N = 85). We analyzed the psychometric properties using item response and classical test theories. An item reduction was then performed to improve the psychometric properties of the ISMI-29. The final version of the ISMI was tested for construct validity, reliability, external validity and differential item functioning (DIF).ResultsThe five-factor structure of the ISMI-29 was not confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis (RMSEA = 0.12, CFI = 0.77, and WRMR = 2.20). Seventeen items were discarded to obtain a satisfactory psychometric version. The ISMI-12 evaluates 3 dimensions: social stigma (4 items), stigma experience (4), and self-stigma (3). The factor structure accounted for 68% of the total variance. Internal consistency was satisfactory. The scalability was satisfactory, with INFIT statistics within an acceptable range. In addition, the results confirmed the absence of DIF and supported the invariance of the item calibrations between countries.ConclusionThe ISMI-29 is not valid in our sample and should not be used in Latin American countries. The ISMI-12 is the first internalized stigma questionnaire with satisfactory psychometric properties available in Latin American countries. Its brevity could facilitate its dissemination and use in clinical settings.

show abstract

Adaptation into Spanish of the Internalised Stigma of Mental Illness scale to assess personal stigma

Cited by 5 publications

References 36 publications

Attitudes of the police towards individuals with a known psychiatric diagnosis

Attitudes of the police towards individuals with a known psychiatric diagnosis

Study protocol for measuring stigmatization in persistent tic disorders: development and validation of the Tourette discrimination-stigmatization scale

The Latin American version of the internalized stigma of mental illness scale (LA-ISMI): a multicentric validation study from three Latin American countries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About