Adaptation and Success of Big Sagebrush and Rubber Rabbitbrush on Disturbed Sites

Abstract

Restoration or reclamation of many disturbed sites in the western United States requires the use of the widespread native shrubs big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) and rubber rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosus). Each of these species is taxonomically complex with numerous subspecies and populations that are adapted to specific habitats. Although big sagebrush is a competitive species, it is ordinarily late sera1 in niche, particularly in the secondruy successional processes of disturbed sites. In contrast, the common rubber rabbitbrush subspecies are early seral. The two species often grow together and are compatible in space and time in secondary succession processes. Matching the habitats of seed source and restoration or rehabilitation areas is a wise managemeot practice. Two case studies on successful long term (33 and 16 years) big sagebrush and rubber rabbitbrush disturbed site restoration are reviewed.

Biology and establishment of mountain shrubs on mining disturbances in the Rocky Mountains, USA

“…A common reason for failures of big sagebrush seedings, is from drilling seed too deep. Broadcasting sagebrush seed into seedbeds prepared by mechanical roughing can increase success over drilling (McArthur et al, 1995). Meyer and Monson (1990) reported 10 per cent establishment of broadcast big sagebrush seed on a mechanically prepared seedbed.…”

“…These authors attributed this success to the use of a locally adapted seedlot with high viability. The importance of using locally-adapted seedlots when restoring big sagebrush was also stressed by McArthur et al (1995). Large reclamation areas can be broadcast seeded with aircraft in autumn through midwinter (Monsen, 1999).…”