Adaptability to acute stress among women survivors of intimate partner violence: protocol for a mixed-methods cross-sectional study in a laboratory setting (BRAW study)

Abstract

IntroductionIntimate partner violence (IPV) is the most common and alarming form of violence against women, affecting around 30% of all women around the world. Using an integrative methodology, we approach IPV as a form of chronic exposure to severe stress that alters the stress-response system of exposed women. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that sustained exposure to IPV in women confers a vulnerability-to-stress profile characterised by higher neuroendocrine and behavioural responsiveness associated with a selective attentional processing bias towards threat.Methods and analysisWomen between 21 and 50 years old from the area of Barcelona (Spain) will be invited to participate. A sample of 82 women exposed to IPV and 41 women not exposed to IPV will be included and assessed for attentional bias and response to acute stress in a laboratory condition (the Trier Social Stress Task). The study will include quantitative and qualitative measures of cognitive performance, neuroendocrine activity and face-to-face interviews to obtain an integrative description of the stress-response profile of these women. Results are expected to help build resilience strategies with a long-lasting impression on women’s healthy functioning.Ethics and disseminationThe study has obtained the approval of the local Ethics Committee (‘Comité de Ética de Investigación Parc Taulí de Sabadell’; 2 018 551 V.1.2 June 2018). Besides the communication of results in peer-reviewed papers and scientific congresses, the project will inform guidelines and recommendations through policy-dialogues and workshops with relevant regional and national representatives for future work and prevention strategies. Participants will be invited to be an active part in the dissemination strategy focussed on raising awareness of coping limitations and abilities that women themselves will be able to identify throughout the study.Trial registration detailsThe study has been registered at the ClinicalTrails.gov database (Identifier number:NCT03623555).

Blunted neurobiological reactivity and attentional bias to threat underlie stress-related disorders in women survivors of intimate partner violence

“…The IPV-exposed group was oversampled to account for variability in terms of exposure to other experiences of abuse, in particular childhood maltreatment. Following a-priori sample size calculation [see (Goldberg, Espelt, Palao, Nadal, & Armario, 2020)], a total of 120 women were recruited; two of them declined the initial interview, 12 did not complete the assessment, and data from 1 woman could not be retrieved due to a technical error.…”