Adaptability in Multi-Storey Timber Buildings - Towards Differentiated Durability Layers in Architecture

Abstract

The rise of multi-storey timber architecture has been recognized by multiple actors in the field. Most contributors discuss new timber buildings made with engineered wood products (EWP) almost entirely technologically, neglecting both spatial-architectural and organisational-functional aspects within buildings. Furthermore, even though today's timber structures are designed for longevity, studies show that more than half of all buildings are demolished not because of technical deficiencies but because of vacancy. This suggests that most buildings have an insufficient potential for adaptation. This paper critically discusses current approaches of adaptability in timber construction and examine their relevance and effectivity within the larger theoretical framework of architectural adaptability. For this purpose, both areas are discussed based on existing literature and compared in their central aspects. Based upon three case studies in Europe, the principles of adaptability for timber buildings are visually traced and analysed.In conclusion, precise demands for zones of changeability and permanence within the building can be predicted and timber components can be applied accordingly in a targeted manner. The paper proposes strategies for designing a timber construction that is differentiated according to the functional layers and designed to be able to adapt over time.