Acute Toxicology of Components of Vegetation Smoke

Dost, Frank N.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3078-6_1

Cited by 46 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Smoke is composed primarily of carbon dioxide, water vapor, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, hydrocarbons and other organic chemicals, nitrogen oxides, trace minerals, and several thousand other compounds (Barboni and Chiaramonti, 2010;Barboni et al, 2006Barboni et al, , 2010bDost, 1991;Miranda, 2004;Urbanski et al, 2009;Ward, 1999). Pollutants that have been insufficiently characterized in smoke include volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of volatile organic compounds in smoke from prescribed burning and comparison with occupational exposure limits

Romagnoli

Barboni

Santoni

et al. 2014

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Prescribed burning represents a serious threat to personnel fighting fires due to smoke inhalation. The aim of this study was to investigate exposure by foresters to smoke from prescribed burning, focusing on exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The methodology for smoke sampling was first evaluated. Potentially dangerous compounds were identified among the VOCs emitted by smoke fires at four prescribed burning plots located around Corsica. The measured mass concentrations for several toxic VOCs were generally higher than those measured in previous studies due to the experimental framework (short sampling distance between the foresters and the flame, low combustion, wet vegetation). In particular, benzene, phenol and furfural exceeded the legal short-term exposure limits published in Europe and/or the United States. Other VOCs such as toluene, ethybenzene or styrene remained below the exposure limits. In conclusion, clear and necessary recommendations were made for protection of personnel involved in fighting fires.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of volatile organic compounds in smoke from prescribed burning and comparison with occupational exposure limits

Romagnoli

Barboni

Santoni

et al. 2014

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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show abstract

“…Dermal absorption might also occur through a person's surface cells. One substance that skin cells directly absorb is free radicals that may contribute to the development of emphysema, Adult/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), and lung cancer (Dost 1991). Gastrointestinal absorption is another pathway of exposure to the pollutants emitted by forest fires.…”

Section: Health Consequences Of Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cough is the most common respiratory symptom associated with exposure to ambient particulate matter (Dockery and Pope 1994). The inhalation of particulate matter causes asthma, upper and lower respiratory tract infections, COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), and Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (Dost 1991;Eeden 2001;Health Research Working Group 2001;Larson and Koenig 1994). There is also a possible link between particulate matter and cancer (Adami et al 2002).…”

Section: Particulate Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sulfur dioxide by itself irritates the lungs and in combination with particulate matter has even greater irritating effects (Evans and Campbell 1983). Acrolein is an irritant that can cause cellular toxicity in the upper respiratory tract and ciliary stasis (Dost 1991). When forest fires burn in areas where the soil contains crystalline silica, smoke inhalation can cause silicosis, inflaming and scarring the lungs, thereby reducing oxygenation (Ottmar and Reinhardt 2001).…”

Section: Irritantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other aldehydes, elemental carbon, and trace metals have potential carcinogenic effects (Partanen 1993). In small and infrequent doses, however, aldehydes may not produce a carcinogenic effect (Dost 1991). Aldehydes can also cause contact dermatitis and uticaria (Dost 1991).…”

Section: Carcinogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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