Acute toxicity of mercury, zinc, lead, cadmium, manganese to the<i>chironomus sp</i>

Rao, D. Subba; Saxena, Amita

doi:10.1080/00207238108709874

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This probably due to age sensitivity as generally known that first instar larvae of Chironomus was more sensitive compared to the third and fourth Shuhaimi-Othman et al instar stages (William et al, 1986). Present study showed that for Zn and Pb (Table 2), 96h-LC 50 values obtained were lower than for midge larvae of C. plumosus and C. tendipes, but higher than Culicoides larvae C. furens (Rao and Saxena, 1981;Vedamanikan and Shazilli, 2008). Higher value of 48h-LC 50 reported by Rao and Saxena (1981) due to the experiment was conducted in hard water compared to present study which was conducted in soft water, as this can affect toxicity (Hodson et al, 1982;McCahon and Pascoe, 1988;Phipps et al, 1995).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Toxicity of eight metals to Malaysian freshwater midge larvae Chironomus javanus (Diptera, Chironomidae)

et al. 2011

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Fourth instars larvae of freshwater midge Chironomus javanus (Diptera, Chironomidae) were exposed for a 4-day period in laboratory conditions to a range of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), aluminium (Al) and manganese (Mn) concentrations. Mortality was assessed and median lethal concentrations (LC(50)) were calculated. LC(50) increased with the decrease in mean exposure times, for all metals. LC(50)s for 96 hours for Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb, Ni, Fe, Al and Mn were 0.17, 0.06, 5.57, 0.72, 5.32, 0.62, 1.43 and 5.27 mg/L, respectively. Metals bioconcentration in C. javanus increases with exposure to increasing concentrations and Cd was the most toxic to C. javanus, followed by Cu, Fe, Pb, Al, Mn, Zn and Ni (Cd > Cu > Fe > Pb > Al > Mn > Zn > Ni). Comparison of LC(50) values for metals for this species with those for other freshwater midges reveals that C. javanus is equally or more sensitive to metals than most other tested dipteran.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Toxicity of eight metals to Malaysian freshwater midge larvae Chironomus javanus (Diptera, Chironomidae)

et al. 2011

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“…Arsenic toxicity includes hyperkeratosis, hyperpigmentation, skin tumours and cancer as well as damage to gastrointestinal tract and liver (Rao and Saxena 1981). Cadmium has been found to be toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms (Rao and Saxena 1981;Woodworth and Pascoe 1982). The effect of Cd toxicity in man includes kidney damage (Frieberg et al 1986;Herber et al 1988) and pains in bones (Itai-itai disesase ;Tsuchiya 1978;Kjellstroem 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Arsenic is very toxic and has negative effect on both human health and aquatic life if it finds its way into the water bodies (Department of Water Affairs and Forestry 1996). Arsenic toxicity includes hyperkeratosis, hyperpigmentation, skin tumours and cancer as well as damage to gastrointestinal tract and liver (Rao and Saxena 1981). Cadmium has been found to be toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms (Rao and Saxena 1981;Woodworth and Pascoe 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of toxic elements in waters and sediments from River Subin in the Ashanti Region of Ghana

Adomako

Nyarko

Dampare

et al. 2007

Environ Monit Assess

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Waters and sediments of Subin River, which flows through the industrial and commercial areas of Kumasi in the Ashanti region of Ghana, were geochemically investigated to ascertain heavy metal pollution levels due to anthropogenic activities. The study shows preoccupying pollution levels that constitute a threat to public and ecological systems. The waters of Subin River are neutral to slightly basic, inferred from pH values of 6.89-7.65). Electric conductivity (EC) of the waters ranges from 822 to 1,821 mus/cm and the range of total dissolved solids (TDS) is from 409 to 913 mg/l. Toxic elements contents of sediments and waters from 10 sites along the river were analysed by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), and Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn were determined. The concentrations of Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn in the waters range between 4.02-15.18, 0.007-0.16, 0.002-0.05, 0.001-0.019, 1.32-7.04 and 4.28-10.2 mg/l, respectively. The contamination factors (CF) computed for the elements indicate that with the exception of sampling site S10, the sediments are polluted with Cd. Chromium contamination in the sediments is observed at S6 and S7, where the CF values were 1.39 and 1.52, respectively. The pollution load indices (PLI) were low (<1) and ranged from 0.14 to 0.75, suggesting that the overall sediment column of the river is not polluted.

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“…The lead causes sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in rats and Drosophila melanogaster (Winder and Bonin 1993) and it also decreases the total protein amount of Chironomus larvae (Rao and Saxena 1981) . In Allium cepa, the different concentrations of the lead inhibits the root growth and it also increases the frequency of chromosomal aberrations (Lerda 1992) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Induction of Chromosomal Aberrations in Polytene Chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster by Lead Acetate.

Uysal

1997

CYTOLOGIA

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Acute toxicity of mercury, zinc, lead, cadmium, manganese to thechironomus sp

Cited by 26 publications

References 3 publications

Toxicity of eight metals to Malaysian freshwater midge larvae Chironomus javanus (Diptera, Chironomidae)

Toxicity of eight metals to Malaysian freshwater midge larvae Chironomus javanus (Diptera, Chironomidae)

Determination of toxic elements in waters and sediments from River Subin in the Ashanti Region of Ghana

Induction of Chromosomal Aberrations in Polytene Chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster by Lead Acetate.

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